The pharmacological effects of gardenia
Pharmacological effects
1. The gallbladder effect and the iridoids contained in the gallbladder are all beneficial to the gallbladder. Its alcohol extracts, saffron and crocus acid increase the amount of bile secretion. The water extract and alcohol extract were given orally to rabbits, and had no effect on the bile volume and solid content derived from the bile ducts. However, with the same preparations injected into rabbits, bile secretion began to increase within 15 to 30 minutes for more than one hour. After intravenous administration of crocin and sodium crocetin to rabbits, the secretion of bile increased. The study of the mechanism of genipin, the main component of Gardenia jasminoides, showed that genipin was produced by hydrolysis of genipin during administration in the digestive tract. The genipinine does not show a gallbladder effect when administered within the portal vein, which indicates that the gallbladder effect of the genipinine is effected through the generated genipin. When genipin significantly increases bile flow, it can reduce the bile acid concentration in the bile, but it basically has no effect on the excretion of bile acids.
After decocting water or decoction of wolfberry fruit, it was proved that the gallbladder had obvious contraction effect 20 minutes and 40 minutes after taking the medicine. The wolfberry fruit can reduce the serum bilirubin content: After the total biliary duct is ligated in rabbits, the blood bilirubin in the oral lice water extract is reduced, the more the medicine is used, the more obvious the reduction is, and the alcohol extract has the same effect. However, it is slightly weaker than the water extract. Injecting jasminoid alcohol extract into rabbits, blood bilirubin at 2 hours increased slightly compared with the control group, decreased after 6 hours compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after 24 to 48 hours. Crocin and saffloric acid also had similar effects. . In rabbits with total bile duct ligation, alcohol extracts were injected and bilirubin was reduced in peripheral lymph in 24 hours. Crocin and saffloric acid also had the same effect. Gardenia can be used for jaundice caused by biliary inflammation, but the mechanism of jaundice is more complicated.
Studies have shown that wolfberry fruit extracts have no toxic effects on hepatocytes. Scorpion can reduce serum bilirubin content, but has nothing to do with glucuronosyltransferase. Gardenia can also reduce carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage.
2. Effects on the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Pancreas Genipin has an anticholinergic inhibitory effect on the function of the stomach. Genipin was administered into the duodenum and gastric juice secretion was inhibited in pylorus-ligated rats. The total acidity of gastric juice was decreased and the pH of gastric juice was increased. Genipin is administered intravenously in the same dose, which can temporarily inhibit the body's movement in the body and stomach, and inhibit the spontaneous movement of the rats and the hyperactivity caused by pilocarpine. It can also reduce the gastric tension. For isolated intestine, genipin is The contractions caused by acetylcholine and pilocarpine have weak competitive antagonism.
Gardenia can promote pancreatic secretion. Genipinol has a significant reduction in pancreatic amylase, while its enzymatic product, genipin, has the greatest effect on increasing pancreatic bile flow and has a shorter duration. In pancreatitis, wolfberry fruit has the ability to improve the body's resistance to diseases, improve the function of the liver and gastrointestinal system, and reduce the pharmacological effects such as pancreatitis.
3. Effects on the central nervous system. Gardenia alcohol extracts can reduce spontaneous activity of mice, have a sedative effect, and have a synergistic effect with sodium pentobarbital, can prolong sleep time, and can still fight convulsions of pentylenetetrazol. Although not against the shock of strychnine, it can reduce its mortality rate. It has been reported that one hour after intraperitoneal injection of phytotoxic alcohol extracts, the body temperature decreased by an average of 3°C. Rats received an intraperitoneal injection of medlar 200 mg/kg, and the body temperature decreased for more than 7 hours. Some people think that the effective component of sedation and cooling effect of wolfberry fruit is ursolic acid, which can increase the half-convulsant dose of pentylenetetrazole in mice and has obvious anti-shock effect. Experiments show that ursolic acid has obvious central inhibition. Can significantly reduce normal body temperature in rats; has a certain synergistic effect on scopolamine; can reduce spontaneous activity in mice and synergistic sleep with a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium; can significantly prevent pentylenetetrazole induced convulsions; but no Obvious analgesic effect. This experimental result suggests that ursolic acid is similar to chlorpromazine. It has also been reported that water extracts of Gardenia jasminoides and Dehydroabidoxime can inhibit the acetic acid writhing response in mice, so it is considered that there is an analgesic effect.
4. Anti-pathogenic microorganisms have effects on Staphylococcus aureus, meningococcus, and staphylococcus aureus. The agents have the effect of killing Leptospira and adult schistosomes. The aqueous extract has a variety of dermatophytes in vitro. Inhibition. In addition, ethanol extracts, water extracts, ethyl acetate fractions and geniponin of gardenia have some anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Its extract is made into an ointment that accelerates the healing of soft tissue.
5. Effects on Cardiovascular System Tincture extract can reduce myocardial contractility. Anesthetized dogs and rats intravenous injection of wolfberry fruit extract can reduce blood pressure due to decreased cardiac contraction volume and cardiac output. When rats were intravenously injected with high-dose methanol extract of wolfberry fruit, electrocardiogram showed myocardial damage and atrioventricular block.
The blood pressure lowering effect of Zongzi is at the center, which is mainly due to the increased tension in the parasympathetic central nervous system. When the vagus nerves were cut off on both sides, the blood pressure lowering effect of Zongzi significantly weakened or completely disappeared; atropine could also eliminate its antihypertensive effect. Animal experiments showed that: wolfberry fruit decoction and alcohol extracts, no matter what kind of route of administration have antihypertensive effect, intravenous antihypertensive rapid, and a short duration of maintenance, the blood pressure of wolfberry fruit on the role of adrenaline boost pressure and Blocking the reflexes of the blood flow in the carotid artery had no effect, nor did it enhance the effect of acetylcholine. Since the blood pressure lowering effect of gardenia is not caused by the release of histamine, it has nothing to do with the afferent nerve fibers, and the ganglion does not block, so the administration of antihistamines such as diphenhydramine or intravenous procaine cannot Change the blood pressure lowering effect of Scorpion.
6. Other effects of hemorrhoids have a certain role in hemostasis, hemorrhoids hemostatic effect is stronger than dysentery. Dehydrooxime has a diarrhea effect on mice.
Identification of medication
The dumplings are used for medicine. In addition to the whole fruit, there are also peels and seeds. The rind skin (pericarp) tends to reach the surface and heat the skin; the wolfberry fruit (seed) tends to go inside and clear away heat. The raw scorpion sub-pulverized and rancid the fire, and the prosperous child entered the blood to stop the bleeding.
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