Jasmine cultivation and management techniques
Jasmine is a perennial near-inflorescence evergreen shrub of the genus Oleaceae and Jasmin. Jasmine flowers is one of the important ingredients for extracting spices and making tea.
1 selection, site preparation, planting
The choice of low groundwater level, sunny reach, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep soil layer, looseness, medium fertility, slightly acidic sandy loam or light clay. Deep plowing, drying, smashing, pressing width 110cm, groove width 30cm, groove depth 25cm specifications, two lines per plant. 15t farmyard fertilizer was used as base fertilizer per hectare before planting, spacing 25cm50cm. 60,000 plants were planted per hectare, and 25% Shibaoke EC 1000 times was used to dip the roots for 5 minutes before colonization. It can be cultivated all year round, but it is best in spring and autumn.
2 Strengthen water and fertilizer management
(1) Management of water 1 Immediately immerse the root water after planting. 2 When planting a living fresh shoot, pay attention to timely irrigation, top dressing, weeding, and earthing. Topdressing mainly urea, diligence and thin application. Flowers are not watered. The weather continues to dry and water or water is poured when the mud is white. 3 pay attention to drainage. During the flowering season, too much water will cause rot and yellow leaves; drought will cause the leaves to wilt and flowers to shrink, so special attention must be paid to irrigation and drainage. (2) Fertilization 1 The rhizosphere fertilization was conducted during the spring, summer and autumn seasons. The spring fertilizer is carried out in January of each year, combining 15 tons of farmyard manure and 375 kg of compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate per hectare for cultivating and weeding, grabbing shallow trenches for sunny days and combining soil cultivation, summer fertilizer for 5-6 months, and autumn fertilizer for 8-9. Monthly, once a month, after each flower ebb tide, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are combined. The annual fertilization amount per hectare is urea 915kg, calcium sulphate 1020kg, compound fertilizer with potassium sulphate 1005kg. With spring fertilizer accounted for 50%, 30% of summer fertilizer, and 20% of autumn fertilizer, the ditch was applied and soil was cultivated. 2 top dressing. During the flowering period, after the flowers were harvested in the afternoon, they were sprayed to control pests and diseases. In the pesticides, 02% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizers were mixed and sprayed. Generally, they were sprayed every 7 days.
3 Trimming and Shortcuts
The jasmine flower that was planted and survived to shoot new shoots was properly removed from the main branch, branching tips, and buds, leaving 3-4 pairs of leaves when picked. Winter pruning is carried out from December each year to the beginning of January. It is trimmed first and then trimmed. That is, cut off the upper shoots at about 20cm from the ground (afterwards, the annual large trimming position is moved upwards by 3cm from the trimming site of the previous year), and then the dried branches and leaves that have been cut are burned in a concentrated manner. Weeding and weeding. In February each year, before the flower buds are seen, the caps and legged branches on the top of the jasmine tree are short-cut, leaving 2-3 pairs of leaves. In the future, after each flower has been picked, short cuts can be made to require that the shoots do not fall. After the shaping, a wave-like canopy is formed, so that all parts of the canopy have sufficient light, which is conducive to cultivating flower buds, forming a three-dimensional flowering crown, and increasing yield.
4 Pest control
At present, the main diseases and pests of jasmine have been found to be white tinea jasminoides, jasmine buds (flower worms), leafhoppers, cotton bollworms, and thrips. Based on the principle of prevention and prevention, the use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides has been adopted. Whitefly disease is sprayed on the stem base 1-2 times with a 40% sclerotium net 800-1500 times and a 25% Shibaoke EC 1000 times. Anti-jasmine buds, leafhoppers, cotton bollworm, etc., with 18% Abata EC 2500-3000 times or 40% Loesspen EC 1000 times spraying, control once every 7 days, continuous spray 3 times. After extensive pruning each year, the wound was sprayed with 50% sulfur suspension 1000 times.
5 Jasmine harvesting, storage and transportation
(1) The harvesting standard of jasmine: White, plump and full of scent. A mature jasmine flower is harvested. The harvested flowers require flower buds, flower stalks, no diseased buds, no yellowish buds, and no stems and other debris. (2) Storage and transportation: When using fresh jasmine flowers, use ventilation and breathable bamboo baskets and nylon mesh bags. Avoid sun exposure, store in a cool place, and promptly sell the product after harvesting.
1 selection, site preparation, planting
The choice of low groundwater level, sunny reach, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep soil layer, looseness, medium fertility, slightly acidic sandy loam or light clay. Deep plowing, drying, smashing, pressing width 110cm, groove width 30cm, groove depth 25cm specifications, two lines per plant. 15t farmyard fertilizer was used as base fertilizer per hectare before planting, spacing 25cm50cm. 60,000 plants were planted per hectare, and 25% Shibaoke EC 1000 times was used to dip the roots for 5 minutes before colonization. It can be cultivated all year round, but it is best in spring and autumn.
2 Strengthen water and fertilizer management
(1) Management of water 1 Immediately immerse the root water after planting. 2 When planting a living fresh shoot, pay attention to timely irrigation, top dressing, weeding, and earthing. Topdressing mainly urea, diligence and thin application. Flowers are not watered. The weather continues to dry and water or water is poured when the mud is white. 3 pay attention to drainage. During the flowering season, too much water will cause rot and yellow leaves; drought will cause the leaves to wilt and flowers to shrink, so special attention must be paid to irrigation and drainage. (2) Fertilization 1 The rhizosphere fertilization was conducted during the spring, summer and autumn seasons. The spring fertilizer is carried out in January of each year, combining 15 tons of farmyard manure and 375 kg of compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate per hectare for cultivating and weeding, grabbing shallow trenches for sunny days and combining soil cultivation, summer fertilizer for 5-6 months, and autumn fertilizer for 8-9. Monthly, once a month, after each flower ebb tide, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are combined. The annual fertilization amount per hectare is urea 915kg, calcium sulphate 1020kg, compound fertilizer with potassium sulphate 1005kg. With spring fertilizer accounted for 50%, 30% of summer fertilizer, and 20% of autumn fertilizer, the ditch was applied and soil was cultivated. 2 top dressing. During the flowering period, after the flowers were harvested in the afternoon, they were sprayed to control pests and diseases. In the pesticides, 02% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizers were mixed and sprayed. Generally, they were sprayed every 7 days.
3 Trimming and Shortcuts
The jasmine flower that was planted and survived to shoot new shoots was properly removed from the main branch, branching tips, and buds, leaving 3-4 pairs of leaves when picked. Winter pruning is carried out from December each year to the beginning of January. It is trimmed first and then trimmed. That is, cut off the upper shoots at about 20cm from the ground (afterwards, the annual large trimming position is moved upwards by 3cm from the trimming site of the previous year), and then the dried branches and leaves that have been cut are burned in a concentrated manner. Weeding and weeding. In February each year, before the flower buds are seen, the caps and legged branches on the top of the jasmine tree are short-cut, leaving 2-3 pairs of leaves. In the future, after each flower has been picked, short cuts can be made to require that the shoots do not fall. After the shaping, a wave-like canopy is formed, so that all parts of the canopy have sufficient light, which is conducive to cultivating flower buds, forming a three-dimensional flowering crown, and increasing yield.
4 Pest control
At present, the main diseases and pests of jasmine have been found to be white tinea jasminoides, jasmine buds (flower worms), leafhoppers, cotton bollworms, and thrips. Based on the principle of prevention and prevention, the use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides has been adopted. Whitefly disease is sprayed on the stem base 1-2 times with a 40% sclerotium net 800-1500 times and a 25% Shibaoke EC 1000 times. Anti-jasmine buds, leafhoppers, cotton bollworm, etc., with 18% Abata EC 2500-3000 times or 40% Loesspen EC 1000 times spraying, control once every 7 days, continuous spray 3 times. After extensive pruning each year, the wound was sprayed with 50% sulfur suspension 1000 times.
5 Jasmine harvesting, storage and transportation
(1) The harvesting standard of jasmine: White, plump and full of scent. A mature jasmine flower is harvested. The harvested flowers require flower buds, flower stalks, no diseased buds, no yellowish buds, and no stems and other debris. (2) Storage and transportation: When using fresh jasmine flowers, use ventilation and breathable bamboo baskets and nylon mesh bags. Avoid sun exposure, store in a cool place, and promptly sell the product after harvesting.
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