How to apply fertilization at different stages of grape growing to make grapes more productive
Since the beginning of this year, four of the demonstration households I have guided have planted grapes on the land that has been transferred. The main varieties are Jifeng, Beauty, and other varieties suitable for Jixi. Rational fertilization during planting, improving soil quality, improving soil conditions for vine growth, and laying a solid foundation for sustained high yield and quality.
1. Germination fertilizer: It is generally applied before the grape sprouts. This time, the nitrogen fertilizer (a large amount of elemental water soluble fertilizer is suitable) is mainly used to promote the germination neatly, the leaves are thick, and the inflorescence is large and strong. If the tree is too strong and the spring is not very dry, the fertilizer can be saved, so as not to cause new shoots.
2, bulk fat: after the fruit is set, the fruit is like a green bean, and it is applied as late as the soybean. The fertilizer is mainly nitrogen, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied. It can be applied with high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, or can apply ordinary three-element compound fertilizer, and add nitrogen fertilizer such as urea as appropriate. The amount of fertilizer is large, which accounts for about 50% of the amount of fertilizer applied throughout the year.
3, ripening fertilizer: two times. 20-30 days before maturity, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is applied, and the grape berry begins to soften, and the fertilizer is applied once again when it is not colored.
This fertilization is very important. After many fruit farmers apply large fertilizers, they no longer apply ripening fertilizer, or cause fruit color change (commonly known as water tank disease) or due to lack of fertilizer, grape resistance is poor, easy to get sick, high yield and not good harvest. Or poorly colored, sugar is not high, can not sell good prices and so on. It can be directly applied to functional fertilizers, and a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizers change color (recommended high-phosphorus and high-potassium type, and contains trace elements of boron and zinc).
4. “Yuezi Fertilizerâ€: refers to the application of 1 time fertilizer after harvesting the grapes, usually applying a large amount of elemental water soluble fertilizer (high nitrogen type) 15 kg. The effect of this fertilizer is not only used to restore the tree potential, but also promote Flower bud differentiation, laying the foundation for the high yield of the next year.
5, winter fertilizer: the traditional method is the grape during the dormant period. In recent years, it has been advocated in August and September, and after the grape harvest, it is also applied during the growth of green leaves. At this time, it is the second highest peak of grape root growth, which can promote the grape to produce a large number of fibrous roots, so as to strengthen the tree, which is more conducive to wintering. The fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer (if you apply farmyard manure, please be sure to be decomposed!), and at the same time apply calcium fertilizer, or add a small amount of three elements.
Note: After each fertilization, the water should be poured once, the water volume is not as large as possible, too large, resulting in loss of fertilizer and water. After the application of the enlarged fertilizer, the two waters should be poured continuously, usually in the middle of 5-7 days.
In addition, before the wintering of the grapes, they should be irrigated once a day. After the soil is loose, they should be ploughed for 1 time, which is extremely good for freezing. (Source: Jixi County, Anhui Province, Zhou Chunhua)
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