Tomato pruning technology

The growth potential of tomato is strong, and axillary buds are divided at each node of the stem, and each axillary bud can germinate into branches and flower. If it is allowed to grow, the branches and leaves will be clustered, the plant shape will be disordered, and a large number of nutrients will also be easily consumed, which will result in falling flowers and fruit, smaller fruit shape, and lower yield and quality. Therefore, in the process of tomato growth, pruning, squatting, sparse leaves, etc. must be continuously adjusted to regulate growth.

Tomato growth and result characteristics

According to the characteristics of growth and the results of the tomato can be divided into two types of limited growth and unlimited growth. In particular, the two types of pruning are different.

● The limited growth type is also called self-sealing cultivar. This type of cultivar is relatively short, with concentrated flowering results and ripeness, and is suitable for short or dense planting without supports.

● When the conditions of infinite growth type are appropriate, the branches occur continuously and are not capped due to the formation of inflorescences. This type of tomato plant is tall, stem-like and requires stenting.

Tomato pruning

Plant fixation

In order to ensure ventilation, light transmission, and ease of field management between the plants, when the tomato plants grow to a certain height, scaffolds and vines are needed. Brackets and tied vines can be draped with nylon ropes and bamboo vines.

Pruning

Pruning is sorting the resulting branches. There are many lateral branches of tomato, which can cause shading and depletion of nutrients. The pruning can balance the growth of stems and leaves with the development of fruits.

There are the following types of pruning methods for the unlimited growth type varieties:

1Single stem pruning method leaves only one trunk per plant. All lateral branches are removed in time. The trunk picks up when there is a certain ear. This method has few results, but it is suitable for close planting and has a large ear, which is beneficial to increase the yield in the early stage, and the total output is also high. .

2 Double dry pruning On the basis of single pruning, in addition to the main branches, one side branch under the first inflorescence is left as the second main stem branch, and the remaining side branches are all removed.

3 Improved single stem pruning method When the main trunk is single pruned, keep the first side branch under the first inflorescence, and let this side branch branch 1 to 2 leave 2 leaves after the fruit. That is, it combines the advantages of single-stem pruning and double-dry pruning, which can be both premature and high-yield.

For limited growth types, single and double stem pruning should not be used. This type of tomato spends the second ear of each flower on the top of the plant, forming a head similar to the point of growth, and its true growth point grows on the leaf of the second flower. (This is the side branch in infinity tomato, to be removed)

If removed by common sense, the whole plant will have no growth points, and if it is pruned for a long period of time, the limited-growing type of tomato will only have two pieces of fruit (in order), or the type of plant will be disordered due to improper pruning.

The correct approach is to retain the first branch of the main stem of the first inflorescence, the remaining lower branch should be completely removed, and the need to properly remove the upper part of the plant dense branches.

Crossing

Snoring is the treatment of tomato side branches, which is conducive to the ventilation of plants and avoid unnecessary consumption of nutrients.

After the young plants of the tomato plants are transplanted, the initial period of squashing and pruning may be later, so that the lateral branches grow to 6 to 7 centimeters, which will increase the leaf area and create more nutrients. The pruning of the pruning should be removed when the lateral branches grow to 1 to 2 cm in order to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients.

Precautions

● Snoring should be performed on a sunny day, which is conducive to wound healing. If the rain is dry and the dew is dry, the wound is perishable, causing infection.

● The lateral branches and other lateral branches under the first inflorescence should not be destroyed prematurely even if they are not left as a result. Generally, 1 to 2 leaves should be left to make nutrients.

● No pruning occurs within 1~2 days after watering, the water content of the plants is higher after watering, and the wound flow caused by pruning is larger and the wound is not easy to heal.

● There are two ways to fight snoring: squeezing and squeezing. Minimize the contact between hands and vines. Do not use fingernails to cut twigs.

● Use pesticides to prevent disease after pruning. For diseased plants such as virus diseases, pruning should be performed separately to avoid human transmission of diseases.

● The branches and leaves that are laid down should be collected and treated in a centralized manner. Can not be thrown away.

Topping

When the tomato plant has the required number of ears and leaves, remove the top growth point. Properly picking the heart at the right time can control the height of the plant, regulate the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, increase fruit setting rate, promote fruit development, and early maturation.

When topping, two or three leaves should be left at the top to produce nutrients for the growth of the lower flowers and fruits, and to prevent shading and prevent sunburn. Topping should be done on a sunny day.

The limited-growing type of tomato has a self-sealing feature and does not require topping.

Bottoming leaf

In the middle and late cultivation period, the yellowing and aging leaves and the diseased leaves in the lower layer should be promptly removed, which is beneficial to the ventilation and light transmission of the lower layers of the plants, reducing the consumption of nutrients and the occurrence of diseases, and facilitating the turning of the fruits.

Sparse leaf principle: picking yellow without picking green, picking without picking, picking without picking, removing the sick yellow leaves, old leaves, and dense leaves. The leaves that are removed should not be littered. They should be buried deep or burned to prevent the spread of diseases. Selected in fine weather, combined with spraying and preventing disease.

Thinning and fruit thinning

Tomato planting should remove malformed flowers and redundant buds during flowering. After the fruit is set, it is necessary to remove the malformed fruit and the fruits with too little development in the same ear in order to ensure the uniform and tidy fruit.

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