How to fertilize autumn and winter citrus
Mastering the right fertilization period is an important part of fertilization technology. In view of the general neglect of organic manure application and soil improvement in citrus production, resulting in serious soil acidification, more and more barren orangery area, a large difference in the amount of manure used in citrus, insufficient fertilizer use and proportion, and fertilization time and methods. Reasonable, calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, iron and other trace elements in the general lack of serious soil erosion, low fertilizer utilization and other issues, fertilization in autumn and winter should pay attention to the following points:
First, follow the following principles
1. Pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer, vigorously develop orchard green manure, and implement orchard straw cover;
2, acidified orange groves, the appropriate amount of application of calcium phosphate or lime and other acidic soil conditioner;
3. According to the soil fertility of citrus varieties and orange groves, optimize nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer dosage, proportion of application and fertilization period, and add targeted microelements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, iron;
4, fertilization method to change the whole garden to apply as a concentrated hole or ditch;
5, fertilizer and water management and high yield and quality cultivation techniques combined.
Second, fertilizer application amount
The annual total amount of fertilization in the Orangery is: an orange grove with a yield of more than 3,000 kilograms per mu, 1,000 to 1,500 kilograms of manure (animal) and livestock manure, 150 to 200 kilograms of fermented cake fertilizer, or 2 to 3 parts of compost, and 25 nitrogen fertilizer. To 35 kg, 10 to 12 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 20 to 30 kg of potassium fertilizer; 2000 kg of oranges per mu above and below the application of 70% to 80% of the total amount of 3,000 kg of oranges to be applied; oranges below 1500 kg per mu The garden will be applied from 50% to 60% of the total amount of fertilized oranges per mu for more than 3,000 kilograms per mu. Calcium, magnesium and magnesium oranges are used for calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers. For orange groves lacking boron, zinc, and iron, 0.5 to 0.75 kg of borax, 1 to 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate, and 2 to 3 kg of ferrous sulfate are applied per acre and mixed with organic fertilizers in autumn and winter; pH is less than 5.5. Garden, application of silicon-calcium fertilizer or lime 75 to 100 kg per mu, once in autumn and winter.
In the fall and winter of the Orangery, fertilization is the fruit fertilizer, which is base fertilizer. Basal fertilizers are used to fertilize 20% to 30% of total nitrogen fertilizer, 40% to 50% of phosphate fertilizer, 20% to 30% of potassium fertilizer, all organic fertilizer, and boron, zinc, and iron fertilizers during the year to December. Before and after application. Spring fertilization, ie, budding or pre-flowering fertilizer, applies 30% to 40% of total nitrogen fertilizer, 30% to 40% of phosphate fertilizer, and 20% to 30% of potash fertilizer in the whole year, and is applied before budding in February to March. Fertilizer is a strong fruit fertilizer in summer. Apply 30% to 40% of total nitrogen fertilizer, 20% to 30% of phosphate fertilizer, and 40% to 50% of potassium fertilizer throughout the year, and apply it from June to July. Now, the labor-saving cultivation techniques of citrus production often use total organic fertilizer and trace elements and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers as the basal fertilizer for about 70% of the total annual fertilization.
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