Thuja planting technology

Taxus, also known as yew, is a rare evergreen tree that is protected at the national level. Branches, leaves, skin, and roots can be extracted from paclitaxel, an expensive anticancer drug. The drug needs more than 4,800 kilograms a year worldwide, and the actual annual production is only about 250 kilograms. At present, although Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning, Yunnan, and Sichuan have successively established a paclitaxel pharmaceutical factory, there is a shortage of raw materials, and it is imperative to vigorously carry out research on the breeding and cultivation of Taxus chinensis. I will now introduce my yew cultivation techniques in recent years as follows:
(1) Seed propagation technology of Taxus chinensis.
(1) Collecting seeds: Harvest red fruits from September to October, remove red arils and flesh, wash and mix wet sand for storage.
(2) Damaged seed coat: The seed has a long ripening period and has dormancy characteristics. It can be germinated in winter under natural conditions, that is, it can be frozen outdoors in winter, receive high temperature and rain in summer, and sowed in autumn. Spring sowing can be left in the soil after the winter to stay frozen in the soil, from late March to early April into the warm room germination after sowing, sowing more than 20 days after emergence. If the seeds can be repeatedly rubbed with the soles of rough sand on the rough concrete floor, and the inconspicuous and tough seed coats are worn out, and the hard seed shells are not worn (do not grind the seeds), the seeds can be easily permeable and breathable. , sowing germination faster.
(3)Temperature treatment: Taxus chinensis seeds have double dormant habits of radicle and hypocotyl, and radicles need to pass a high temperature above 25°C for 1 month to break dormancy. Hypocotyls need to be under minus 3°C to minus 20°C. It takes about a month or so to release sleep. In order to accelerate seed germination earlier, as long as the seeds of damaged yew are mixed with wet sand and frozen in the environment below zero for 25 to 40 days, the hypocotyl dormancy can be released, and after sowing in late winter or early spring After about two months of exposure to temperatures above 25°C, we can break the radicle dormancy and the seeds will sprout.
(4) Sowing seedlings: seedlings, shading after emergence, young seedlings are afraid of sunburn, the light transmittance of the sheds is 15%-20%, and weeding should be done frequently. Pour urea water or defecation water once every 15-20 days. Raise the seedlings and transplant them to the ground after one year.
(b) Taxus cutting propagation technology.
(1) Collect cuttings: From May to June at the turn of the spring and summer, cut the young shoots of the current year from the mother trees of 4 years old or older.
(2) Cutting treatment: Cut branches longer than 15 cm for cuttings, remove the lower leaves, and peel the bases of the branches out of the 0.5-1 cm wound. After the formation of nodules around the wound, the branches are then The lower part of the circumcision was cut off, and the basal end was soaked in 100 ppm of acetic acid or phenylacetic acid for 3 hours, or soaked in 200 ppm ABT2 rooting powder solution for 8-10 hours.
(3) Cutting method: The treated cuttings are inserted on prepared seedbeds or vermiculite plus weathered sand (1:1) on a sawn wood substrate, with a cutting depth of 3-5 cm and a row spacing of 8-10 cm. After plugging, it was irrigated with water and moisturized with a plastic arch mask. At the beginning, it was sprayed twice a day and once a day two weeks later. Shade seedlings with seeds. 45-50 days after the rooting, careful management, seedling rate of up to 90%.
(3) Seedling management and afforestation.
(1) Wintering management of seedlings: Seedlings are afraid of frost, and in winter it is necessary to keep the seedlings warm and protect the seedlings. It is better to stamp straw on the plastic film.
(2) Transplanting seedlings of seedlings: Seeding seedlings or cuttings seedlings shall be transplanted and cultivated for one year. After transplanting, the seedlings shall be transplanted to the open field seedlings at a spacing of 25-30 cm, and a height of 1.5 meters shall be used. Shade shed shade four shades, often watering, see the seedlings back yellow when the application of light urea water or light manure, nurturing strong seedlings.
(3) Afforestation: The yew seedlings that have been cultivated for 1 year can be afforested when the seedling height is 40-60 cm. The late winter early spring cultivation is good, set the plant spacing 1.6 meters 2 meters. The cultivation can be sold to the pharmaceutical factory for 5 years, and 1 plant is priced at 80-100 yuan.

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