Symptoms of Bean Sclerotinia
First, the symptoms
Bean Sclerotinia disease mainly occurs in protected areas or in open field vegetables in the south. It can damage the ground stem base and stem base bifurcation, and can also harm pods. In the early stage of disease, the diseased part was water-stained and turned to grayish white, and the soft tissue was rotted around the stem and cortex of the stem. When it was dry, it was fissured longitudinally and the stems and leaves above the diseased part withered. When the humidity is high, the disease minister produces a white cotton flocculent mycelia. The surface of the lesion and the inside of the lesion are both white cotton flocculent mycelium and black murine fungi. Soybean meal infected with water-stained lesions, after soft rot, when the humidity is high, the lesions dense white cotton flocculent mycelium.
Second, the pathogen and the law of occurrence
Bean Sclerotinia caused by the Ascomycete subsp. The bacterium sclerotia mainly survives with the diseased body or in the soil. The sclerotium can survive for more than 3 years in the dry soil, and the wet soil can only survive for 1 year. When the spring temperature and humidity conditions are suitable, the sclerotia germinate to produce ascospores. As the ascospore germinates from the host epidermis or wound after germination, the hyphae that grow out of the lesion can also infect nearby plants through contact. The suitable temperature for pathogenic bacteria growth is about 20 degrees, and the relative humidity of more than 85% is beneficial to the onset. There are many pathogens in continuous cropping, and the incidence is usually heavy. The vegetable fields have low topography, heavy soil quality, dense planting, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizers. Excessive management results in more wounds on the epidermis of the plants and their incidence is heavier.
Third, control methods
1, use disease-free seeds
Planted from diseased plants. If the seeds are mixed with sclerotia, soaking with 10% saline before sowing, remove the floating sclerotia, wash with clean water and then sowing.
2. Strengthen farming management
Avoid continuous cropping and seriously implement a 2-3 year rotation and rice rotation for one year to reduce a large number of surviving sclerotia; thoroughly remove the diseased body after harvesting; deep soiling will deeply bury the sclerotia; promptly remove the disease strains found in the early stages. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer appropriately. Improve plant disease resistance.
3, pharmaceutical control
Available: 50% procymidone wettable powder 1500 times, or 40% sclerotinable wettable powder 1000 times, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600-800 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl Wettable powder 1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 1-2 times.
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