Soil disinfection method
Soil is the main medium for transmission of pests and diseases, and is also the main site for the propagation of diseases and insects. Many pathogens, eggs, and pests survive or overwinter in the soil, and weed seeds are still present in the soil. Therefore, regardless of whether they are seedbeds or potted plants, they are used. All should be thoroughly disinfected before. Common soil disinfection methods include:
1, sunlight disinfection. The prepared culture soil is placed on a clean concrete floor, thin and flat, exposed to sunlight for 3 to 15 days, and a large number of pathogenic spores, hyphae and eggs, insects and nematodes can be killed.
2, steam disinfection. Put the nutrient soil into the steamer and heat it to 60-100°C for 30-60 minutes. The heating time should not be too long, so as not to kill the beneficial microorganisms that can break down the fertilizer and affect the normal development of the flowers.
3, boiled disinfection. Pour the culture soil into the pot, add boiling water for 30-60 minutes, and then filter the water to dry to moderate humidity.
4, fire disinfection. In open field beds, dry firewood is laid flat on the surface of the bed to ignite. This will not only eliminate germs, pests and eggs in the topsoil, but also increase potash fertilizer after plowing.
5, drug treatment.
(1) Formaldehyde (formalin). Use 50 ml of formaldehyde per square meter, add 6-12 liters of water, or 40 ml of formaldehyde per 0.1 square meter, add 1-3 kg of water. 10-12 days before sowing, spray on the sowing ground with a sprayer, and then cover it tightly with a thin film. Do not ventilate it. Open it a week before sowing so that the liquid will evaporate. The gravel substrate can be directly soaked in 50-100 times formaldehyde solution for 2-4 hours, and then the liquid solution is rinsed with water after 2-3 times.
(2) Carbendazim. Apply 50% carbendazim powder 40g per cubic meter of culture soil, mix and cover with film for 2-3 days.
(3) Zelenzin. Apply 65% ​​dexamethasone powder 60g per cubic meter of culture soil, mix and cover with film for 2-3 days, then remove the film, and use it until the taste of the medicine evaporates.
(4) Black wolfberry (ferrous sulfate). In rainy days, add 2% to 3% of black sorghum to the soil to make up the soil. Use 100-200 grams per square meter to throw in the soil. Or into 2% -3% of the solution, with 9 liters per square meter.
(5) Chlorothalonil. Per square meter with 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 1 gram smoked shed 5 hours.
(6) Phoxim. When the soil in the nursery is serious, it can be made of 50% phoxim 100 grams per mu, 10 kg bait added to the bait and sprinkled on the seedbed to kill.
(7) Trichlorfon. When the soil in the nursery is serious, a 90% dipterex crystal can be used for 500 g, 50 kg bait can be used as a poison bait, and baited on the seedbed.
When disinfecting, the operator should wear masks and gloves to prevent the inside of the drug from inhaling and touching the skin, gargle after work, and wash the face with disinfectant (or soap).
1, sunlight disinfection. The prepared culture soil is placed on a clean concrete floor, thin and flat, exposed to sunlight for 3 to 15 days, and a large number of pathogenic spores, hyphae and eggs, insects and nematodes can be killed.
2, steam disinfection. Put the nutrient soil into the steamer and heat it to 60-100°C for 30-60 minutes. The heating time should not be too long, so as not to kill the beneficial microorganisms that can break down the fertilizer and affect the normal development of the flowers.
3, boiled disinfection. Pour the culture soil into the pot, add boiling water for 30-60 minutes, and then filter the water to dry to moderate humidity.
4, fire disinfection. In open field beds, dry firewood is laid flat on the surface of the bed to ignite. This will not only eliminate germs, pests and eggs in the topsoil, but also increase potash fertilizer after plowing.
5, drug treatment.
(1) Formaldehyde (formalin). Use 50 ml of formaldehyde per square meter, add 6-12 liters of water, or 40 ml of formaldehyde per 0.1 square meter, add 1-3 kg of water. 10-12 days before sowing, spray on the sowing ground with a sprayer, and then cover it tightly with a thin film. Do not ventilate it. Open it a week before sowing so that the liquid will evaporate. The gravel substrate can be directly soaked in 50-100 times formaldehyde solution for 2-4 hours, and then the liquid solution is rinsed with water after 2-3 times.
(2) Carbendazim. Apply 50% carbendazim powder 40g per cubic meter of culture soil, mix and cover with film for 2-3 days.
(3) Zelenzin. Apply 65% ​​dexamethasone powder 60g per cubic meter of culture soil, mix and cover with film for 2-3 days, then remove the film, and use it until the taste of the medicine evaporates.
(4) Black wolfberry (ferrous sulfate). In rainy days, add 2% to 3% of black sorghum to the soil to make up the soil. Use 100-200 grams per square meter to throw in the soil. Or into 2% -3% of the solution, with 9 liters per square meter.
(5) Chlorothalonil. Per square meter with 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 1 gram smoked shed 5 hours.
(6) Phoxim. When the soil in the nursery is serious, it can be made of 50% phoxim 100 grams per mu, 10 kg bait added to the bait and sprinkled on the seedbed to kill.
(7) Trichlorfon. When the soil in the nursery is serious, a 90% dipterex crystal can be used for 500 g, 50 kg bait can be used as a poison bait, and baited on the seedbed.
When disinfecting, the operator should wear masks and gloves to prevent the inside of the drug from inhaling and touching the skin, gargle after work, and wash the face with disinfectant (or soap).
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