Do a good job in the proper management of feeding and management of dairy cows in spring
Appropriate exercise
Exercise promotes blood circulation and produces heat, which helps digestion, enhances physical fitness and resistance to cold and disease. Insufficient exercise will greatly increase the proportion of dystocia and placenta in dairy cows, and the fetus is prone to stunting and fetal position. Therefore, in the cold climate, the season when it is not suitable for grazing, it can be promoted by driving. Exercise for more than 40 minutes every day in the morning and afternoon. In the warm and sunny weather, let the cows move for at least 2 hours a day, and then take the sun to the place where the leeward sun rises.
Scientific milking
Cows have large breasts and pay attention to health care.
1 scrub the breast: wash with warm water with organic chlorine solution (containing 200-300mg/kg);
2 hot compresses the breast: use hot water around 50 °C to promote the rapid expansion of breast blood vessels, increase the blood flow of the breast, strengthen the synthesis of milk fat, and can reflect the production of prolactin to stimulate multiple breast milk;
3 massage the breast: the gesture should be correct and form a regular, according to the nipple - the bottom of the breast - the left and right breast area - the breast mirror sequence massage, first heavy and then light, from front to back, from left to right, promote breast development, improve milk production the amount. The towels and milk utensils used must be disinfected before and after use, and disinfected regularly with 2-3% NaOH solution.
Pay attention to hygiene
1 Bovine body: Dairy cows are very clean and clean, often brushing cows, which can remove dirt, dust and feces on the body surface, keep the fur clean, promote blood circulation, enhance skin resistance and increase milk production. At the same time, by means of brushing, it is also possible to prevent the growth of ectoparasites and the docile character of the cows. Brushing should be carried out in the order of: head and neck - forequarters - middle body - hindquarters - limbs - hoof. The contaminated part should be washed and dried with warm water. The washing area should be small. Do not wash the bovine body in a low temperature and windy environment to prevent colds. Practice has proved that doing a good brush can increase milk production by 8-10%.
2 Environment: Cows like to dry and clean the environment, love to eat fresh feed, should be added less when feeding. After the cows are troughed, the remaining fodder in the trough should be removed and the ground cleaned. Brush the sink regularly to keep the water clean. Remove the manure in time, and often sprinkle some lime powder or ash in the house, which can reduce the humidity inside the house, and also disinfect and prevent disease, which is conducive to increasing milk production. The feces in the sports field should also be cleaned in time to keep it flat, dry, clean and prevent water accumulation.
The cows are quiet, strong noise will cause the cows to have a stress reaction, destroy the normal activity of the cows, reduce the milk production, or produce low-acidity alcohol-positive milk, so pay attention to keep the cows quiet and refuse to watch and squat. The gentle concert makes the cow feel comfortable and helps the lactation performance.
3 Deworming: In winter and spring, cows are vulnerable to parasites such as cockroaches and burdocks. At the same time, cows eat a summer and autumn green feed, which is also easy to breed all kinds of intestinal parasites. Therefore, the winter and spring season should be done to check the cows and promptly remove the parasites.
Manage the cowshed
In the early spring, the room temperature should reach about 10 °C, which is beneficial to lactation and can improve feed utilization. Pay attention to sealing the holes in the walls around the barn, install the door and window glass, hang up the curtains, curtains, and thicken the grass in the circle to prevent cold current intrusion and thief wind formation, and improve the temperature. The cement floor in the house should be multi-padded and replaced with bedding, which can reduce the conduction heat dissipation when the cattle are in contact, and can also keep warm, absorb moisture and absorb harmful gases.
Spring is a season of frequent respiratory diseases. If the cow house is poorly ventilated, it is too dark, humid and cold, and it is easy to cause diseases such as respiratory tract, rheumatoid arthritis and phlegm. Pay attention to keep the ventilation in the barn well, the humidity of the barn should not be too large, and the relative humidity should not exceed 60%. Otherwise, the cow will be stimulated by the outside world, causing the milk yield to drop. In severe cases, the cow will suffer from some fungi. Illness.
While controlling the temperature and humidity in the barn, we must also pay attention to the hygienic situation of the barn environment. Always lay some hay on the cow's bed to make it sleep comfortably at night.
Increase lighting
When the weather is good, you can go outdoors to increase the light, and you can also use white fluorescent lighting to increase artificial light. It can increase the temperature of the barn, increase the secretion of prolactin in the cow, and increase the milk production. Generally, it is effective at 16h/d, and it can be effective in about 3-5 weeks, which can increase the daily milk yield by 6-10%.
Reasonable feeding
Feeding of cows is affected by seasonal and climate changes. Therefore, the feeding management should be adjusted according to the seasonal changes, especially in the spring, the transitional feeding should be adopted, and the changes of the diet and the feeding process must be gradually carried out to avoid sudden changes. The transitional concentration of feed in spring is “thick – medium – thinâ€, and the feed transition temperature is “hot – warm – coolâ€.
Note that the combination of lactation and seasonal feeding, energy, crude fiber and dry matter, temperature changes must change with the seasons. Generally speaking, energy should be low in winter and high in summer; crude fiber and dry matter should be high in winter and spring, low in summer; temperature should be hot in winter, cool in summer, and warm in spring and autumn. According to this, the management of seasonal replacement will be done to maximize the production potential of dairy cows. As long as it is kept and managed according to the laws of science, the effects of adverse factors caused by climate can be minimized and better benefits can be obtained.
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