The rice is not gluttonous, "Genetic knife" know rice seedlings

Rice, soft and crunchy, is pleasing, but rice produced in rice fields is “soft and soft” and it is difficult to suit people’s tastes. Susan Botanicalists in Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Shanghai have used the latest technology to pre-detect “soft cricketers” when they are in the rice seedlings. These good seedlings have been cultivated naturally and have grown into a new generation of rice seeds with high taste and high yield. This is a reporter recently learned from the Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of the Shanghai Academy of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The small "Rugao" set soft and hard

With the renewal of hybrid rice in China, and the continuous increase in production, people are paying more attention to the taste of rice. Hard and hard rice has become less popular. However, in the agricultural production, the same piece of hybrid rice contains soft rice and hard rice. Even on the same rice, the softness of each grain of rice may not be the same. According to the traditional breeding method, only when the rice grows up to produce rice, it is sampled and tested for soft fleas and soft fleas. The “soft cricket” is selected as the seed and the offspring are grown. This traditional breeding method is more time consuming and time consuming.

Studies have shown that the content of “amylose” in rice starch structure is moderate, usually less than 20%, its softness and hardness are more palatable, and rice is soft and crunchy. After long-term research, researchers at the Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology finally discovered that there are more than 7000 bases in the rice waxy gene. One of the base mutations can control whether the amylose content is “medium” or “high”. This minimal "base" is an important joint point that determines the softness of rice.

"Gene knife" next test

The best approach is to use molecular biology methods to mark the “sulfhydryl” as a marker for breeding soft-tipped rice. To this end, researchers "borrowed" a "gene knife" that cuts DNA--"restriction endonuclease." There are as many as tens of such "knife" but each only recognizes and acts on specific gene sequences. If the DNA fragment on which "Shao Ji" is located can be cut, this rice species must not be squandered and should be eliminated. On the contrary, it is the "species" of soft fleas and meets the selection criteria.

As a joint patent of the Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology and Yangzhou University, this molecular breeding technology does not have to wait for rice to detect the amylose content. When rice is still seedlings, take a bit of leaf to inspect it, and you will know if it will grow soft rice.

"Rice and Parents" Have Procreation

Through this patented method, the Rice Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Shanghai Zhisheng Institute integrated and innovated to improve rice genes, optimize amylose content, and cultivate a rice parent with good comprehensive traits, high rice quality, and strong seeding power. . The "Paddy rice dad" was combined with another "rice rice" who was resistant to white leaf disease and rice blast, and finally came up with a new hybrid rice variety "Xinxie 57" that combines high yield, high quality, and high disease resistance. And has passed the certification of the relevant species.

At present, there are five or six rice varieties that have been or are being selected through this patent method.

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