Prevention and cure of major diseases of spinach
1. Downy mildew mainly damages the leaves. After the leaves were damaged, pale or light yellow spots appeared on the surface of the leaves, and then expanded into irregular light yellow spots. Finally, the whole leaves turned yellow and died. A grayish purple mold layer develops on the surface of the lesion when wet. Diseases mostly occur from the outer leaves or the lower leaves of the plants and spread upwards and inwards.
Prevention and control methods 1 Agricultural control: During the harvest, the stubble leaves are completely removed and brought out of the ground for deep burial or burning; 2-3 years of rotation are carried out; sufficient fertilizer is applied to increase the resistance of the plants; reasonable close planting, proper irrigation, and reduction of the field humidity;
2 Pharmacy control, timely spraying at the early stage of the disease, spraying 25% thiomethacin WP or 25% metalaxyl WP to 600 times, or 40% SR to 500 times, or 75% Chlorothalonil WP may be 500 times that of water, or 64% methionine WP or methane MnZn may be 400-500 times that of water, or EBP may be 200-250 times that of water. The above medicines were changed for use, and they were sprayed once every 5-7 days, and sprayed 2-3 times.
2. Viral disease Virus disease is also called mosaic disease. Root spinach is a common disease. The diseased plant leaves have atrophy or flowering leaves, the old leaves wither and fall off early, and the plants curl into spheres. The diseased plants infected with cucumber mosaic virus have small and deformed leaves, atrophy between nodes, clustered appearance, and new leaves yellowing. After the infection of the turnip mosaic virus, the leaves of the diseased plant were irregular, with large and thin variegated leaves, and the leaf margin curled up. Plants infected with beet mosaic virus have transparent veins and new yellow leaves, which also produce mottled and downward curls.
Prevention methods 1 Clean the pastoral and strengthen the cultivation and management. In the winter and early spring, weeds should be removed from the fields, land and furrows, and the diseased plants should be completely removed and taken out of the fields to be buried or burned. Spinach should be planted well-ventilated, away from radish, cucumber, housing plots. Seeding in due time and avoiding early sowing. In the autumn drought, the spinach land should be watered more, which can reduce the incidence. Apply enough organic fertilizer and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to make the plants grow well and increase their resistance to diseases;
2 silver gray film to avoid maggots, silver gray film covered in spinach, or hanging silver ash film, can cause avoidance;
3 chemical control: In the spinach seedling stage and the early stage of locust occurrence, timely spraying control. The available pesticides are: 40% omethoate EC for water 1000--1500 times, 10% cypermethrin EC or 20% for extinguish butyl EC for water 2000-3000 times, 50% malathion EC for water 1000-2000 Times, 50% of the banyan pine EC to water 1000-1500 times, 50% anti-in Wei Wei WP to 2000-3000 times. Various pesticides should be used in turn. Spray once every 6-7 days, spray 2 - 3 times;
4 Protect natural enemies, such as ladybugs, dragonflies, beetles, grasshoppers, and molds.
Spinach anthracnose mainly damages the leaves. The leaves were attacked, and yellowish stains developed at the beginning of the disease. They gradually expanded into round lesions. They were grayish-brown, with rosy patterns, and small black spots in the center.
Prevention and control method 1 Guarantee seed quality and select seeds on disease-free plants. Seeds are soaked in warm water at 52°C for 20 minutes, immediately put in cold water, cooled, and sown after drying;
2 Rotation and rotation of other vegetables for more than 3 years;
3Cultivate and prevent disease, clean the pastoral area, remove the sick body, bring it out of the field or burn it. For proper close planting, flood irrigation is not suitable. Apply more organic fertilizer to make spinach grow stronger;
4 Chemical control; at the early stage of disease, 50% carbendazim WP or 40% carbendazim suspension can be sprayed on water 500-600 times, or 50% thiophanate WP on water 500 times, or 70% on water. Manganese zinc wettable powder 400 to 500 times the water, or agricultural resistance 120, the concentration of 100 units. Pesticides were used alternately, sprayed once every 6-7 days, and sprayed 3-4 times.
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