Sunlight greenhouse management of dormancy period of winter date catches six points
Recently, some readers called this newspaper to inquire about the management techniques of the winter greenhouse winter jujube in winter. The reporter interviewed Yang Ling Vocational and Technical College fruit expert and professor Ma Zhifeng and the western fruit friend alliance researcher Zhang Ligong, asking them to provide scientific guidance for the majority of fruit farmers. .
Core Tip: The weather is cold, many plants have entered a dormant phase, the jujube tree is also the same, from November of that year to the following March, belong to the dormancy period of the jujube tree. Although sleeping, the management of the jujube trees cannot be relaxed. This period is a critical period for jujube trees to accumulate nutrients and eliminate overwintering pests. It is related to a series of problems such as the growth, flowering, and results of jujube trees in the next year. Therefore, it is very important to manage jujube trees in winter.
Timely Clear Garden
In the early winter season, after the winter date leaves are cleared, a clear garden can be used. Burning can be used to burn litter and weeds.
Reasonable scraping, whitening
Both bark scraping and whitening can be carried out during the dormant period. Saplings are generally painted white and not shaved until the trunk forms a rough skin. The tree stems form a layer of rough skin every year, and scraping must be carried out.
Whitening can reduce jujube frostbite, while preventing leaf aphid and pathogen damage. The preparation method of whitening agent: 10 parts of water, 3 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of lime sulfur stock solution, 0.5 part of salt, and oil (dynamic and vegetable oil are all available) are a little.
As the age of the tree grows, the thickening of the bark lacks stretchability, hindering the thickening of the trunk, and the tree tends to prematurely decay. At the same time, the cracks in the bark are wintering sites for many pests and diseases. Therefore, scraping the old skin in time and burning them in a concentrated manner can not only promote the growth of the tree, but also prevent and treat pests and diseases.
Scrape skin is usually done by a special scraping knife, and it is required to scrape the rough bark of the old bark to degree, not to scratch deep skin and tender skin and xylem. When scraping the skin, put the newspaper or plastic cloth under the tree first. The scraped bark must be removed in time and burned.
Healing and repairing tree holes
In winter, shearing often results in large kerfs and cuts. Strong tree vigor, fast healing of wounds is not easy to cause problems, weak tree vigor, due to excessive wound area, long healing time, easy to cause wound rot, affecting trees The growth and longevity of the wound should therefore be protected. First use a knife or cut a flat saw and cut it to make the edge of the skin arc. Then use 2% copper sulfate or 5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur to disinfect the wound. Finally, apply a protective agent to prevent wound rot and promote It heals. Tung oil, lead oil, and wax are used as protective agents. The formula for wax oil is 800 grams of rosin, 100 grams of oil, 300 grams of alcohol, and 500 grams of turpentine. The simplest method is to coat the large wound with bituminous paint.
Treatment of diseases such as diseased trunk of the trunk, to use a knife to scrape diseased skin, exposing healthy tissue, and then scraping the edge of the knife with a knife flat, with hydrogen peroxide and other agents coated lesions, and then promote healing with mud wrapped.
The repair of tree-holes often results in the phenomenon of "broken belly" or tree holes due to other reasons. When such a situation is discovered, the fruit grower should make up the plug in time to prevent the tree hole from expanding. The method of filling holes is to clean up the decayed wood inside the cave, scrape the dead tissue on the edge of the hole, and then disinfect and fill the tree holes with the agent. The filling is preferably a mixture of cement and pebbles (1:3). Small holes can also be used to fill in tree holes with wooden wedges, which can protect wounds or accelerate healing.
Scientific fertilization
Facilities Winter jujube garden, if there is no fertilization in the fall, should seize the winter fertilization season, apply good fertilizer, apply enough fertilizer, lay the nutrient foundation for the next year soil, root, strong tree. The fertilized varieties should be organic fertilizers or organic fertilizers based on sheep herds. The compound fertilizers, silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizers and biological fertilizers should be applied. The amount of fertilization can be carried out according to the autumn fertilization scheme, and it can also be combined with the tree vigor to provide reasonable use. Provide sufficient nutrients for robust growth of jujube trees in the coming year.
Pruning
Pruning is to build a shelf, build the skeleton of the results for the winter jujube, the shelf can only be better to produce results, increase production. The function of pruning is to cultivate trees, balance the tree potential, regulate the relationship between the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the tree, regulate the growth and nutrient distribution of various branches within the eel, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions within the tree crown, and promote strong tree vigor. The result is moderate. So as to obtain higher economic benefits.
Do not prematurely buckle up
In the middle and early middle of February in the Guanzhong area, the buckle shed is susceptible to snow and wind hazards, while the lack of dormancy in winter jujube affects flower bud differentiation and jujube budding. When the minimum temperature is not lower than minus 2 degrees, the shed is the most suitable, there is a greenhouse insulation equipment, buckle shed time should be 10 to 15 days in advance. Before the shed is caught, it must go through the meteorological department to understand the long-term weather conditions. If the cold air activities are frequent, it is prone to “early spring cold†weather, and the shed time can be pushed back 7-10 days.
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