High-yielding Cultivation Techniques for High Quality Rice
First, choose high quality rice varieties
According to the development area of ​​rice production in our district, high-quality, high-yield, good-resistance, suitable growth period, and good-quality hybrid rice should be selected. Such as: Yixiang You 1108, Ru Hong 203, Yi Xiang You 2115, F You 498, Q You 5, Zhunliang You 527, Y Liangyou 1, Shen Yang You 5814 and other varieties.
Second, nurture the strong and strong
(I) Early sowing
Focusing on the main disaster weather in rice production, early sowing and avoiding disasters will be implemented. 400 meters or less should be planted before March 10; more than 400 meters should be sown on March 10-20.
(b) Fine sowing
Strong and strong is the basis for realizing high yield of rice and guaranteeing the quality of machine inserting. Strictly control the sowing of crops, use machine-inserted rakes for dry land to concentrate seedlings, or paddy fields for moist and concentrated seedlings.
Third, mechanical preparation
All rice fields not planted in Xiaochun should be sited in time after harvest in the spring to keep rice fields in winter and reduce weeds, so as to ensure that there will be sufficient water sources in the early years of the year. Before transplanting, choose suitable machinery according to soil traits, and the depth of ploughing should not exceed 20 cm. Rotary ploughing should be the main method, supplemented by ploughing. After cultivating, the soil is fine and thick, fine and not crumbly, and it is crushed and crushed. It does not fall into the machine or mud, and the field surface is flat. The height difference between the fields is no more than 5 centimeters, which meets the requirements of mechanized transplanting. Water depth is maintained at 2 to 3 cm.
Fourth, mechanical transplanting
After the machine is inserted into 3.8 leaves, it is advisable to pick up transplants for transplanting in sunny days. It is advisable not to delay the transfer, and no more than 5 leaves at the latest. According to Pingba shallow hill area, 1 to 12,000 litters, deep hilly area, 1.2 to 15,000 litters, and mountainous area, 1.5 to 1.8 liters. The 10,000 nests are densely planted with an average of 2 seedlings per litter. The number of cavities does not exceed 5% of the total number of caves, and the fall rate is less than 3%. The depth of insertion is about 1.5 centimeters. Do not float or fall. The shallower the better.
Fifth, accurate quantitative fertilization
According to the target yield of rice and soil fertility in paddy fields, the amount of fertilization can be reasonably determined, the high-yielding population can be cultivated, the organic fertilizer can be reasonably increased, and the nitrogen and potassium can be reduced. Taking the target 600-650 kg per mu as an example:
(1) Base fertilizer: medium-fertilizer field, 40%-45% compound fertilizer (20-10-10) of 30 kg before planting is used as the base fertilizer for the package; the target yield is 50 kg per less and the amount of fertilizer is 1 kg less. Zinc-deficient rice fields, plus 1.5 kg of zinc sulphate.
(2) Jointing fertilizer: Medium fertility field, round bar stage (spinal differentiation II stage), Mushi 20 kg 50% compound fertilizer (20-10-20) Package jointing fertilizer topdressing; target per mu 50 kg less The amount is one kilogram less.
In the selection of fertilizer content of each fertilization period can be applied similar to the content of the application.
Six, mechanical pests and diseases control
After 5 to 7 days of transplanting, Cordyceps sinensis has been used as a “one pack of medicine†and the water layer is kept at a level of 3-125 px when applied. According to the forecast of pests and diseases, we should do a good job in treating diseases and insect pests in the middle or late July. We will focus on the control of aphids, sheath blight, rice planthoppers, rice leafhoppers, and rice blast disease. The use of large and medium-sized mechanical spray technology field machinery operations, unified pest control.
Water slurry management technology
Make full use of natural rainfall scientific water management. 2 to 3 days before planting water, 2 to 3 cm shallow water planting hoe; keeping shallow water after planting, thin water promoting tillering; 25 to 30 days after transplanting, the number of stem pods reaches the design effective panicle (large panicle type 150,000 ~ 16 Millions of medium and large panicle varieties (180,000 to 190,000) 70% when water is released for drying and ineffective control of tillering; jointing stage (phase II for panicle differentiation) rehydrated to apply joint fertilizer and promote panicles; The flowers are strong; after the seeds are scattered, the water is discharged in a timely manner and the machine is harvested; the rice is shaved in time after harvest and grabbed rainfall in autumn and winter.
Eight, mechanical harvesting
(I) Timely harvesting: In order to ensure that the quality of high-quality rice is not affected, it is advisable to harvest on sunny weather when the rice is ripe. The focus is on the promotion of uniform harvesting of small and medium-sized high-yield combine harvesters, cutting and returning of rice straw, and application of rot agent.
(2) Baking: Different varieties shall be collected and distributed, and drying shall be carried out gradually using a drying mat or mechanized drying at a low temperature to prevent exposure on the concrete floor.
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