Seven problems to be noticed in cage fish farming
It is understood that after the entry into force of the China-Japan-China-South Korea-China-Vietnam Fisheries Agreement, more than 30,000 fishing boats nationwide will gradually withdraw from part of the traditional fishing grounds outside the sea, producing and living more than 300,000 marine fishing fishers and nearly one million fishermen. Affected, which involved more than 6,600 fishing boats and hundreds of thousands of people in our province. From this year onwards, many fishermen in our province will leave fishing boats that have worked for many years and change their “fishing†to “fish farmingâ€. Cage culture is the preferred method of fish farming for fishermen. In view of the current cage culture of fish, the following issues should arouse the attention of farmers.
First, scale cages have high fish cost and high risk, which greatly limits the development of the industry. The key to the solution is to scale up, improve the quality, lower the cost, and launch large and small farmers to invest in cage fish farming. Only when the scale is expanded, a large industrial chain is formed and production costs are reduced.
Second, the variety of years of production practice has proved that the selection of fish varieties should follow the following principles: (1) faster growth; (2) higher economic value; (3) stronger adaptability; (4) stronger resistance to disease; (5) Pay attention to introducing new varieties; (6) Develop multi-species fish polyculture.
Third, bait due to the different species of fish, different feeding habits, should be based on the specific culture species, combined with local resource advantages, select the bait. Specifically: (1) The price is low; (2) The quality is good; (3) The food is delicious; (4) The nutrition should be comprehensive.
IV. Density Each cage aquaculture farmer is trying his best to maximize the pursuit of production, among which there is no lack of partial reproduction density, in order to obtain high yields and high yields, but the results are often counter-productive. Therefore, according to the natural conditions of the sea area, such as the flow rate of water, the exchange of water, the quality of the sea floor, and other factors, scientific analysis and reasonable determination of the capacity of the sea area. Practice has proved that if a single area of ​​fish is continuously farmed for 5-7 years in a certain sea area, it will certainly lead to large-scale disease. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should reare algae or recuperate the sea area after breeding for many years in the same sea area, and relocate the site to implement cage relocation. The fish species cultivated in each cage should be diverse, and the space should be used rationally according to the habitat water layer.
V. Medications As people's awareness of green aquatic product consumption increases, for cultured export products, management must be strengthened. Attention should be paid to the instructions for the use of drugs. High attention should be paid to drug residues, especially the use of drugs that lead to high residual and carcinogenicity. On the other hand, if aquatic products are to go abroad and enter international markets such as Europe and the United States, they must strengthen health and quarantine to ensure that there is no drug residue in fish. Production must use a broad spectrum, high efficiency, environmental protection, no residue of green fishery drugs to improve competitiveness.
Sixth, prevention of disasters The prevention of disasters in cage fish farming should be predictable and effective measures should be taken to prevent disasters in advance: (1) Red tide forecast systems should be established for the large-scale aquaculture cages in the sea area, and close attention should be paid to the presence or absence of red tides in the sea areas. It was found that the red tide should be dealt with promptly. One is to move the cage out of the polluted sea area before the arrival of the red tide; the second is to timely handle the fish that has reached the product specifications; (2) to strengthen the management of the industrial and domestic wastewater discharge in the offshore sea area and resolutely prevent the sewage from entering the sea. (3) Strengthen the fish quarantine in cage fish breeding area, prevent epidemics in advance, prevent large-scale outbreaks, and (4) listen to the weather regularly. One is to prevent large amounts of precipitation from diluting seawater in coastal waters and damaging fish in cages. Second, attention should be paid to the trend of typhoon and the work of moving boxes or sinking cages ahead of schedule should be done to minimize the economic losses caused by disasters.
VII. The one-time investment of fish cages in the market cages is relatively large, the breeding cycle is relatively long, and the diseases are many. The risks are relatively large. Only when farmers understand the market and become familiar with the market can they win vitality in the fierce market competition, otherwise they will be eliminated by the market sooner or later.
First, scale cages have high fish cost and high risk, which greatly limits the development of the industry. The key to the solution is to scale up, improve the quality, lower the cost, and launch large and small farmers to invest in cage fish farming. Only when the scale is expanded, a large industrial chain is formed and production costs are reduced.
Second, the variety of years of production practice has proved that the selection of fish varieties should follow the following principles: (1) faster growth; (2) higher economic value; (3) stronger adaptability; (4) stronger resistance to disease; (5) Pay attention to introducing new varieties; (6) Develop multi-species fish polyculture.
Third, bait due to the different species of fish, different feeding habits, should be based on the specific culture species, combined with local resource advantages, select the bait. Specifically: (1) The price is low; (2) The quality is good; (3) The food is delicious; (4) The nutrition should be comprehensive.
IV. Density Each cage aquaculture farmer is trying his best to maximize the pursuit of production, among which there is no lack of partial reproduction density, in order to obtain high yields and high yields, but the results are often counter-productive. Therefore, according to the natural conditions of the sea area, such as the flow rate of water, the exchange of water, the quality of the sea floor, and other factors, scientific analysis and reasonable determination of the capacity of the sea area. Practice has proved that if a single area of ​​fish is continuously farmed for 5-7 years in a certain sea area, it will certainly lead to large-scale disease. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should reare algae or recuperate the sea area after breeding for many years in the same sea area, and relocate the site to implement cage relocation. The fish species cultivated in each cage should be diverse, and the space should be used rationally according to the habitat water layer.
V. Medications As people's awareness of green aquatic product consumption increases, for cultured export products, management must be strengthened. Attention should be paid to the instructions for the use of drugs. High attention should be paid to drug residues, especially the use of drugs that lead to high residual and carcinogenicity. On the other hand, if aquatic products are to go abroad and enter international markets such as Europe and the United States, they must strengthen health and quarantine to ensure that there is no drug residue in fish. Production must use a broad spectrum, high efficiency, environmental protection, no residue of green fishery drugs to improve competitiveness.
Sixth, prevention of disasters The prevention of disasters in cage fish farming should be predictable and effective measures should be taken to prevent disasters in advance: (1) Red tide forecast systems should be established for the large-scale aquaculture cages in the sea area, and close attention should be paid to the presence or absence of red tides in the sea areas. It was found that the red tide should be dealt with promptly. One is to move the cage out of the polluted sea area before the arrival of the red tide; the second is to timely handle the fish that has reached the product specifications; (2) to strengthen the management of the industrial and domestic wastewater discharge in the offshore sea area and resolutely prevent the sewage from entering the sea. (3) Strengthen the fish quarantine in cage fish breeding area, prevent epidemics in advance, prevent large-scale outbreaks, and (4) listen to the weather regularly. One is to prevent large amounts of precipitation from diluting seawater in coastal waters and damaging fish in cages. Second, attention should be paid to the trend of typhoon and the work of moving boxes or sinking cages ahead of schedule should be done to minimize the economic losses caused by disasters.
VII. The one-time investment of fish cages in the market cages is relatively large, the breeding cycle is relatively long, and the diseases are many. The risks are relatively large. Only when farmers understand the market and become familiar with the market can they win vitality in the fierce market competition, otherwise they will be eliminated by the market sooner or later.
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