Green Pollution-free Tomato Cultivation Technique
First, nursery 1. Variety selection: Select high-yield, cold-resistant, weak-light-resistant and disease-resistant varieties that are suitable for greenhouse cultivation, including Xiuguang, Jiafen 15, Zhongza 9, and L402. 2. In summer, shade shelters are used to raise seedlings. 3. Preparation of seedbed nutritious soil and seedbed production: 6 fertile soils in the sieving field + 4 manures were mixed, and 1.5 kg of diammonium, 15 kg of plant ash, and 0.5 kg of carbendazim, soil and fertilizer were added per cubic meter of mixed soil. The medicine is evenly mixed. The area of ​​the seedbed needs 5 square meters per mu. It will be made of good nutrition and made of 120cm in width, 600cm in length, and 10cm in height. 4. Immersion germination: soaking in cold water for 12 hours, soaking seeds and soaking with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes before soaking, washing with water, and then germination. 5. Sowing: Sows the seeds of the buds sowing in the seedbed that has already been poured in advance, no more than 10 grams of seeds per square meter, the sowing time of autumn and winter shall be cultivated on August 5, and the sowing of winter and spring shall be carried out in mid-November. 6. Split seedlings: 2 cotyledons flattened and moved into the nutrient bowl. The soil formula used for the nutrition formula is: 7 pieces of sifting live soil + 3 parts of rotten circle fertilizer, 1.5 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of plant ash, and 0.5 kg of 50% carbendazim per cubic meter are fully mixed in the loam. 7. Seedling management: in the seedling bed should see dry see wet, lack of water should be promptly added, with the virus A + spray profit each 500 times the liquid spray spray once to prevent virus disease. Second, colonization 1. Site preparation fertilization: Generally, per acre Shi quality circle fertilizer or decomposed chicken manure 500 kilograms -800 kilograms, superphosphate 100 kilograms, plant ash 100 kilograms as base fertilizer. 2. Planting time: 25 days after sowing, 5 leaves of the seedlings are suitable for planting, and the cultivation of autumn and winter leeches is about September 15 and about January 30 of winter and spring hoe cultivation. 3. Density of planting: The planting pattern of color and size was 80 cm in large rows, 50 cm in small rows, and 30 cm in spacing between plants. The density per mu was 3,500. Third, after the planting management Temperature regulation: In the daily average temperature of 4-16 Cfi inch buckle film. After the shed is generally controlled at 25-27°C during the day and 15-13°C during the night. Afterwards, as the temperature decreases, 22-25°C is held during the day and 12-10t during the night. The plants are prevented from becoming obstinate, and they are covered in early October. Insulation cold. 2. Management: Generally no drought or water, when the fruit of the first inflorescence grows to the size of the egg, it can be topdressed and watered for the first time. Generally, 500 kg of urine per person per acre of water will be decomposed with water, and 10 kg of urea will be added. The second and third ear fruit fertilization methods are the same. Look at the seedlings in November to see the sky, no longer watering in December. 3. When pollinating tomato flowers, the method of releasing honey bees can be used instead of the method of treating flowers with hormones such as anti-decantin or 2.4-D. 4. The pruning was carried out by the single stem pruning method, leaving 3-4 tassels and 3-4 fruit per ear. IV. Prevention and control of pests and diseases The principle of biological control, physical control, and chemical control shall be adhered to, and integrated prevention and control shall be combined. 1. Ecological control: Focus on adjusting the temperature inside the shed to create a greenhouse condition suitable for tomato growth and not suitable for the development of pests and diseases. 2. Physical control: Silver-gray reflective film is used to drive maggots, yellow plates are used to attract fleas and whitefly, shade nets and insect nets are stamped to prevent the entry of pests. 3. Biological control: In the greenhouse, when the average tomato has 0.5-1 whitefly, the release of 2800 larvae per mu, every 7-10 days, a total of 2 times. 4. Diseases and insect pests and drug control: The main pests and diseases that are prone to occur in tomatoes are early and late blight, gray mold, aphids and white wood disease. To achieve the effect of pollution-free tomato production, preventive measures should be based on agricultural cultivation, physical control, scientific use of chemical pesticides supplemented methods. 1 Early and late epidemics: 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent is used when the central diseased plant occurs, and 5-6 per 150g of the acre are used. Once in 7 days, they can be smoked 2-3 times and can prevent both diseases. When the epidemic was severe in the evening, 72% Kelu WP 500 times or 72% Preclosure 800 times sprayed. Attention should be paid to alternation of medication. After a short period of time, the temperature and the temperature of the boring shed will have a good antibacterial effect. 2Gray gray mold: In addition to the prevention of flowering, it should be applied before the pouring of fruit water or at the early stage of disease. It can be used 20% Wuyimycin (BO-10) water solution 100 times liquid or 50% nongrill wettable powder. 100 times liquid spray, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2-3 times. 3 Aphid and whitefly: There are 3 ways to set insect pests: windshields are covered with nylon mesh, painted with yellow paint and oil, and hung between the rows above the top of the plants, 30-40 pieces per acre, 7— The oil and yellow paint were re-applied once a day for 10 days, and the control effect was 80-90%. Medication control: Spray with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times. China Agricultural Network Editor
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