Catfish Breeding Technology Series Literature Appreciation (1)
------ Pond Breeding Technology Tips for Anodontes Siniperca (Chuatsi Basilewsky), also known as seasonal flower fish, sweet-scented osmanthus fishes, etc., are classified in the taxonomy of the order Diptera-like, fish-mined Branch. Not only is the meat tender and delicious, but also it has a high protein content and is rich in nutrients. It is one of the most famous freshwater economic fishes that enjoy a good reputation among consumers. The author of this article has combined the production practices of pond raising and pond raising for Poyang Lake, and learns from the successful experience of absorbing other species of ponds in the pond. It summarizes the following points:
1 The pond owner raises the mouth
1.1 Pond conditions The pond area is 3-10 mu, which should not be too large or too small. If the area is too large, there is too much feeding of the summer flower, the bait fish is difficult to satisfy, and the individual growth is different. When the area is too small, the water quality changes quickly and it is difficult to control. The depth of the fish pond is 1.5-2m, especially for newly excavated ponds. The bottom of the pond is slightly inclined towards the outlet. Adequate water sources, convenient water intake and drainage, fresh water, no pollution, excellent rivers and lakes.
1.2 After the pond is ready for dry ponds from March to April each year, the ponds are cleared and the bottom sludge is cleared. The depth of the bottom of the pool is not more than 15cm. The bottom of the pool is exposed. The fish should be stored 10-15 days before the watering of the bait. The water should be drained 6-8cm. About 100kg of the quicklime should be used, and 5kg of bleaching powder (every other day) should be used to disinfect and disinfect the whole water. After adding water 60-80cm, when using water, use a 40-mesh sieve to strictly filter, to avoid mixed wild fish and predators into the pool. Disinfection 7-10 days later, after the test fish showed that the toxicity disappeared, the whole net was used to pull the net once, and the enemy fish pests in the catch pond were fed with 80-100 million bait fish feed per acre. Cultivated to 1.2-2cm for feeding in early summer flowers.
1.3 The breeding time for summer flowering and summer flowering is 6 months in the middle and middle of June. The stocking density is based on the breeding technique and the amount of feeding is determined by whether or not an aerator is equipped. The general density is 800-1200 tails/mu. Acrocephalus larvae 1-2 days before stocking change half of the pool water, so that the water is fresh, reduce the fat, 5-7kg of salt per acre of water Quanchiposa to clarify the pool water.
1.4 The bait fish ponds supporting the pond-breeding fish feed for the Acrocephalus can not meet its growth needs. It is necessary to provide matching bait fish ponds, which can be matched with 1:2 (area ratio) of fish ponds and fish ponds. The bait fish cultivation pond has the same conditions as the conventional fingerling pond. The fish ponds must be sterilized by clear ponds, and the disinfection method is the same as that of the main tanks of the Anodontes.
2 Pond Set Up
2.1 Pond conditions The pond area is 5-20 mus, the bottom is sandy soil, the sludge is light, the silt depth is less than 20cm, the water depth is 1.5-2m, the irrigation and drainage are convenient, the water quality is fresh, and it is not suitable for overfeeding. The mu yield is set in a pond below 400kg to raise the summer flowers.
2.2 Coiling mode Anodontia summer flowering time is in the middle and middle of June, and the size is more than 3cm. The number of wild fishes in the pool should be checked and analyzed before raising and raising the mouth, and the number of wild fish is set to 20-30 per mu. It is advisable to reach an average of more than 0.4kg per tail, and the survival rate can reach more than 50%. Set up ponds that raise their mouth and mouth, mainly grasses and squid, and appropriately raise a small amount of maggots and bonito fish, and then mix some quail and oysters (Japanese white plover and Pengze 鲫) to allow them to spawn naturally in ponds. , Hatching fry for swallowing fish, to supplement the lack of food. At the same time, larvae, oysters, or bait in the bottom of the feeding pool can prevent water quality from deteriorating, so as to facilitate breeding of the bream.
3 daily management
3.1 The bait fish management After the main pond raises the mouth, the mouth should observe the feeding situation carefully, and estimate the bait fish density. Under normal circumstances, the bait fish cultivated in the original pond can feed for about 20 days. Therefore, it depends on the actual situation. , ready to supplement the bait fish (squid is good at jumping in the upper water body, poor feeding habits of squid, quail, quail, maggots, grass carp, quail (late) as bait fish). Feed bait fish should be screened to ensure proper specifications. The puff mouth length of the baitfish that is swallowed by the mouth puffer is 1/4 to 1/3 of the length of the mouth puffer, and the body height should be less than the caliber of the mouth puffer. Alice's mouth plague usually prey on active prey during the night by means of sneak attack. Occasionally, during the day, ambushes are used to attack prey near its hiding place. The devour is most ferocious at about 20:00. Each feeding amount is enough for squid to eat for 4-5 days, not more or less sometimes no, or Alice's mouth can easily cause a large number of deaths of the sick (set of ponds such as quail, quail natural breeding effect is poor, then Need to throw small fish or fry. The months of 7, 8, and 9 are the peak seasons for growth of the mouth lice, and the amount of food is large. The amount of fish fed the bait should be increased in a timely manner. Test the growth rate of Cyprinus sp. periodically on a monthly basis. If it is found that the lack of bait fish or unpleasant mouth affects the growth of Cyprinus splendens, fish should be properly supplemented with a dietary bait. The ratio between the number of fishtails and the number of fish tails is 1:5-10, and the bait factor It is 4.5-5. The density of bait fish is too thin, and the mouth-bill devours the bait fish and consumes too much physical strength to achieve the purpose of fully swallowing the bait, affecting the growth of the mouth-billed puffer. Excessive bait fish consumes dissolved oxygen in the water and can easily cause oxygen-deficient floating heads. There is still a period of time after the bait fish is put into the mouth of the mouth, so it is necessary to feed a small amount of concentrate as appropriate.
3.2 Water quality management The water quality is as good as the water quality. It is poor in tolerance to hypoxia, and it has a higher requirement for dissolved oxygen in living water. The dissolved oxygen in the water body is less than 4.4 mg/L, which is not suitable for adaptation, and below 4 mg/L. Dead head dead fish (Determination of dissolved oxygen using dissolved oxygen analyzer). The main pond pond water is slightly alkaline (between pH 7-8.5), and the transparency is 30-40cm, and when it is less than 30cm, the pool water is changed 1/4-1/3. In the hot season of July-August, water is added once every 5 days. , Slowly inject fresh and pollution-free river water (1 set of pond raises fresh water every 10 days), and each water injection amount is appropriate to 10% to 20% of the pond water volume. It would be better if the microfluidic state can be maintained. . The main pond and nesting ponds will splash lime once every half month from June to September, generally about 25kg per acre, and play a role in improving water quality to prevent diseases. And configure the aerator, according to the changes in the weather a flexible aerobic machine boot time and number of times, the weather was hot and thunderstorms should be strengthened in the evening on duty, ground patrol pond, found that the squid has spit out the bait fish phenomenon, the prompt boot aeration and filling The new water keeps the body of water full of oxygen and prevents the death of its head.
3.3 Fish disease prevention and control The “anti-preventive treatment†policy is implemented. During the fishing and transport process, the fish must be carefully handled to avoid damaging the fish and infecting the disease. When cultivar is in bloom, use 2-3% saline to disinfect the water for 5-10 minutes to prevent fish disease. The food fish should be strictly controlled, and the sick fish should not be fed to prevent pathogens from entering the pool. Before the feeding of fish, salt water bath or medicated bath should be used. Microscopic examination should be conducted on the bait fishes cultivated in the pool. If harmful bacteria are found, they should be treated with conventional drugs so as not to cause indirect infection of the eel mouth. Observing the patrol ponds, it was found that the infestation and slow action of Aphrodisiac should be examined immediately (the larvae and larvae of larvae, which are less than 10 cm in length, are susceptible to trichomonas and paratuberculosis). Once the disease is discovered, it must be examined in time and a comprehensive analysis and diagnosis should be carried out. And strengthen pool water renewal and disinfection measures. Careful use of trichlorfon, mercurous nitrate, malachite green, etc. Know how to use drugs correctly, prevent pathogen infection, and endanger healthy fish. The common diseases of the mouth lice are the bacterial rot, the trichoderma, the oblique worm, and the ringworm. The control of bacteria and parasites can be selected using 0.7ppm copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2), 0.2-0.4ppm B type exteromide, 1ppm bleach or 10ppm formalin, if parasite and bacterial complications. Should kill parasites, the use of bactericidal drugs Quanchiposa. The main pond should be put into some of the water peanuts, water hyacinth habitat for Alice, to create a suitable ecological environment.
1 The pond owner raises the mouth
1.1 Pond conditions The pond area is 3-10 mu, which should not be too large or too small. If the area is too large, there is too much feeding of the summer flower, the bait fish is difficult to satisfy, and the individual growth is different. When the area is too small, the water quality changes quickly and it is difficult to control. The depth of the fish pond is 1.5-2m, especially for newly excavated ponds. The bottom of the pond is slightly inclined towards the outlet. Adequate water sources, convenient water intake and drainage, fresh water, no pollution, excellent rivers and lakes.
1.2 After the pond is ready for dry ponds from March to April each year, the ponds are cleared and the bottom sludge is cleared. The depth of the bottom of the pool is not more than 15cm. The bottom of the pool is exposed. The fish should be stored 10-15 days before the watering of the bait. The water should be drained 6-8cm. About 100kg of the quicklime should be used, and 5kg of bleaching powder (every other day) should be used to disinfect and disinfect the whole water. After adding water 60-80cm, when using water, use a 40-mesh sieve to strictly filter, to avoid mixed wild fish and predators into the pool. Disinfection 7-10 days later, after the test fish showed that the toxicity disappeared, the whole net was used to pull the net once, and the enemy fish pests in the catch pond were fed with 80-100 million bait fish feed per acre. Cultivated to 1.2-2cm for feeding in early summer flowers.
1.3 The breeding time for summer flowering and summer flowering is 6 months in the middle and middle of June. The stocking density is based on the breeding technique and the amount of feeding is determined by whether or not an aerator is equipped. The general density is 800-1200 tails/mu. Acrocephalus larvae 1-2 days before stocking change half of the pool water, so that the water is fresh, reduce the fat, 5-7kg of salt per acre of water Quanchiposa to clarify the pool water.
1.4 The bait fish ponds supporting the pond-breeding fish feed for the Acrocephalus can not meet its growth needs. It is necessary to provide matching bait fish ponds, which can be matched with 1:2 (area ratio) of fish ponds and fish ponds. The bait fish cultivation pond has the same conditions as the conventional fingerling pond. The fish ponds must be sterilized by clear ponds, and the disinfection method is the same as that of the main tanks of the Anodontes.
2 Pond Set Up
2.1 Pond conditions The pond area is 5-20 mus, the bottom is sandy soil, the sludge is light, the silt depth is less than 20cm, the water depth is 1.5-2m, the irrigation and drainage are convenient, the water quality is fresh, and it is not suitable for overfeeding. The mu yield is set in a pond below 400kg to raise the summer flowers.
2.2 Coiling mode Anodontia summer flowering time is in the middle and middle of June, and the size is more than 3cm. The number of wild fishes in the pool should be checked and analyzed before raising and raising the mouth, and the number of wild fish is set to 20-30 per mu. It is advisable to reach an average of more than 0.4kg per tail, and the survival rate can reach more than 50%. Set up ponds that raise their mouth and mouth, mainly grasses and squid, and appropriately raise a small amount of maggots and bonito fish, and then mix some quail and oysters (Japanese white plover and Pengze 鲫) to allow them to spawn naturally in ponds. , Hatching fry for swallowing fish, to supplement the lack of food. At the same time, larvae, oysters, or bait in the bottom of the feeding pool can prevent water quality from deteriorating, so as to facilitate breeding of the bream.
3 daily management
3.1 The bait fish management After the main pond raises the mouth, the mouth should observe the feeding situation carefully, and estimate the bait fish density. Under normal circumstances, the bait fish cultivated in the original pond can feed for about 20 days. Therefore, it depends on the actual situation. , ready to supplement the bait fish (squid is good at jumping in the upper water body, poor feeding habits of squid, quail, quail, maggots, grass carp, quail (late) as bait fish). Feed bait fish should be screened to ensure proper specifications. The puff mouth length of the baitfish that is swallowed by the mouth puffer is 1/4 to 1/3 of the length of the mouth puffer, and the body height should be less than the caliber of the mouth puffer. Alice's mouth plague usually prey on active prey during the night by means of sneak attack. Occasionally, during the day, ambushes are used to attack prey near its hiding place. The devour is most ferocious at about 20:00. Each feeding amount is enough for squid to eat for 4-5 days, not more or less sometimes no, or Alice's mouth can easily cause a large number of deaths of the sick (set of ponds such as quail, quail natural breeding effect is poor, then Need to throw small fish or fry. The months of 7, 8, and 9 are the peak seasons for growth of the mouth lice, and the amount of food is large. The amount of fish fed the bait should be increased in a timely manner. Test the growth rate of Cyprinus sp. periodically on a monthly basis. If it is found that the lack of bait fish or unpleasant mouth affects the growth of Cyprinus splendens, fish should be properly supplemented with a dietary bait. The ratio between the number of fishtails and the number of fish tails is 1:5-10, and the bait factor It is 4.5-5. The density of bait fish is too thin, and the mouth-bill devours the bait fish and consumes too much physical strength to achieve the purpose of fully swallowing the bait, affecting the growth of the mouth-billed puffer. Excessive bait fish consumes dissolved oxygen in the water and can easily cause oxygen-deficient floating heads. There is still a period of time after the bait fish is put into the mouth of the mouth, so it is necessary to feed a small amount of concentrate as appropriate.
3.2 Water quality management The water quality is as good as the water quality. It is poor in tolerance to hypoxia, and it has a higher requirement for dissolved oxygen in living water. The dissolved oxygen in the water body is less than 4.4 mg/L, which is not suitable for adaptation, and below 4 mg/L. Dead head dead fish (Determination of dissolved oxygen using dissolved oxygen analyzer). The main pond pond water is slightly alkaline (between pH 7-8.5), and the transparency is 30-40cm, and when it is less than 30cm, the pool water is changed 1/4-1/3. In the hot season of July-August, water is added once every 5 days. , Slowly inject fresh and pollution-free river water (1 set of pond raises fresh water every 10 days), and each water injection amount is appropriate to 10% to 20% of the pond water volume. It would be better if the microfluidic state can be maintained. . The main pond and nesting ponds will splash lime once every half month from June to September, generally about 25kg per acre, and play a role in improving water quality to prevent diseases. And configure the aerator, according to the changes in the weather a flexible aerobic machine boot time and number of times, the weather was hot and thunderstorms should be strengthened in the evening on duty, ground patrol pond, found that the squid has spit out the bait fish phenomenon, the prompt boot aeration and filling The new water keeps the body of water full of oxygen and prevents the death of its head.
3.3 Fish disease prevention and control The “anti-preventive treatment†policy is implemented. During the fishing and transport process, the fish must be carefully handled to avoid damaging the fish and infecting the disease. When cultivar is in bloom, use 2-3% saline to disinfect the water for 5-10 minutes to prevent fish disease. The food fish should be strictly controlled, and the sick fish should not be fed to prevent pathogens from entering the pool. Before the feeding of fish, salt water bath or medicated bath should be used. Microscopic examination should be conducted on the bait fishes cultivated in the pool. If harmful bacteria are found, they should be treated with conventional drugs so as not to cause indirect infection of the eel mouth. Observing the patrol ponds, it was found that the infestation and slow action of Aphrodisiac should be examined immediately (the larvae and larvae of larvae, which are less than 10 cm in length, are susceptible to trichomonas and paratuberculosis). Once the disease is discovered, it must be examined in time and a comprehensive analysis and diagnosis should be carried out. And strengthen pool water renewal and disinfection measures. Careful use of trichlorfon, mercurous nitrate, malachite green, etc. Know how to use drugs correctly, prevent pathogen infection, and endanger healthy fish. The common diseases of the mouth lice are the bacterial rot, the trichoderma, the oblique worm, and the ringworm. The control of bacteria and parasites can be selected using 0.7ppm copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2), 0.2-0.4ppm B type exteromide, 1ppm bleach or 10ppm formalin, if parasite and bacterial complications. Should kill parasites, the use of bactericidal drugs Quanchiposa. The main pond should be put into some of the water peanuts, water hyacinth habitat for Alice, to create a suitable ecological environment.
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