Management skills of wheat filling period

Starting in May, basically wheat has entered the filling period. This period is a critical period to determine the wheat 1000-kernel weight, which also directly affects the level of wheat output this year, so we must do a good job in the filling period management to ensure stable and high yield of wheat.

1. Supplemental application of nitrogen fertilizer, better grouting water

According to the soil moisture, the grouting water should be poured in time. 10 to 15 days after the flowering period of wheat, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied top, combined with watering, 3-5 kg ​​of urea per mu. After 7 days, the fertilizer can be topdressed again. During this period, the application of nitrogen fertilizer will prevent the wheat from declining prematurely during the filling period. The vigorous growth can increase the filling speed, extend the filling time, and increase the weight of 1000 kernels, thereby significantly increasing yield.

At the same time, supplemental application of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance the resistance of wheat to adverse weather. When pouring grouting water, pay close attention to the weather forecast. It is strictly forbidden to water before wind and rain to avoid lodging.

2. Foliar spraying to increase grain weight and prevent dry and hot air

At the later stage of wheat growth, the absorption capacity of the root system is weakened. Foliar topdressing can extend the functional period of wheat leaves, improve photosynthesis, prevent disease and fall, and reduce the harm of dry and hot wind. To accelerate the grouting speed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used for foliar spraying per acre. Re-spray once every 7 days to resist dry hot air, increase grain weight, optimize quality, full grain, good yellowing, and high yield.

Third, weeding

Wheat fields with knotty wheat, soil oats, brome and other gramineous weeds should be removed in time in conjunction with other agricultural activities, and taken out of the field before they are seeded.

Fourth, lodging wheat remedy

Lodging that occurs before the grain filling period of wheat can generally be restored to varying degrees due to "light head". Lodging in the later stage of grain filling, because "head weight" is not easy to fully restore upright, often only ears and substalks can lift their heads, but taking timely measures to remedy is of great significance to increase the number of grains and weight of ears. If the wind and rain fall, you can shake off the raindrops on the stems and leaves with a bamboo pole after the rain is clear, reduce the pressure to help them raise their heads, but don't stir up and disturb the backwards, or help the wheat and the bale by hand . Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 150-200 grams per mu to promote growth and grouting.

Five, timely harvest

Wheat has good harvest quality and high yield during wax maturity. When harvesting a large area, it is most suitable for the middle and early stages of wax ripening, and for a small area, it is most suitable for the end of wax ripening. According to different varieties and cultivation conditions, arrange the harvesting order, start early, rush to harvest, and achieve timely harvesting.

6. Prevention of plant diseases and insect pests

In the early stage of wheat filling, the temperature began to increase and the humidity increased during this period, which is a high incidence of diseases and insect pests. According to the types and severity of wheat diseases and insect pests, the disease should be controlled and symptomatic. The growth regulator is mixed with spray to achieve the purpose of preventing insects, diseases and premature aging. The spraying should be even, especially in the middle and lower blades, and the liquid should be used as needed.

(1) Prevention and treatment of diseases mainly caused by powdery mildew and rust

During the grouting period, the temperature is relatively high, which is also the period when the disease is most active, especially powdery mildew and rust. Wheat powdery mildew is mainly caused by leaves that harm wheat.

Wheat infected with powdery mildew can no longer carry out photosynthesis. Commonly used agents are triadimefon, oxiconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole, fluconazole, tebuconazole, etc .; in severe fields, spray once every 7-10 days.

Wheat rust is also called "jaundice". Rust mostly occurs on the leaves of wheat. Leaf sheaths, stalks and ears also occur, which directly affects the yield of wheat. In the early stage of disease, triadimefon, oxiconazole, tebuconazole, fluconazole, propiconazole, and azoxystrobin were used.

(2) Insect control based on wheat aphids

Wheat aphids are afraid of high temperature. During the grain filling period of wheat, the wheat aphids will crawl on the ears to avoid strong light. During this period, the wheat aphids will take a lot of wheat juice, resulting in a drop in the weight of 1000 kernels and affecting yield. Generally, the yield can be reduced by 20- 30%, severe cases can reach about 50%. In areas where conditions permit, it is advocated to release aphid cocoons and ladybugs for biological control.

It should be noted that the spraying must be carried out in the morning and evening wheat field conditions, and the concentration of the liquid must not be too large, so as not to burn the leaves and reduce the production; the use of any foliar fertilizer and pesticides should be prohibited 20 days before harvest to ensure wheat No pollution. The available medicines are: 46% fipronil and acetamiprid water dispersible granules, 6% doxycycline and acetamiprid suspension, 20% pymetrozine and clothianidin suspension, 75% pymetrozine Ketotetraspirin ethyl water dispersible granules, etc.

In short, the wheat filling stage to the mature stage is the key period for root protection, leaf protection, prevention of premature aging, weight gain, and prevention of natural disasters such as drought, waterlogging, wind, diseases, insects, and lodging, so do not let these problems affect the harvest.

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