Qiuyu greenhouse vegetable base fertilizer pay attention to three aspects
Greenhouse vegetables have high cropping index, high yield, and large amount of fertilizer. Bottom fertilizer has a great influence on the yield, quality and soil properties of vegetables. It is the most basic link in fertilization and is essential for the growth and development of vegetable crops. The following three aspects should be taken into account when applying base fertilizers.
Determine the amount of fertilizer based on the target yield of vegetables
To determine the amount of fertilizer applied to the greenhouse, we must consider the level of soil fertility and the amount of fertilizer needed for vegetables. Generally, 30% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, 80% of phosphate fertilizer, and 50% of potassium fertilizer are used as base fertilizer. Biological fertilizer and microelement fertilizer are all applied as much as possible at one time. For example, the yield of tomato in the autumn is generally between 8,000 and 9,000 kilograms. In this output range, it needs to absorb 4.4 kg of nitrogen, 1.1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4.8 kg of potassium oxide per 1,000 kg of tomato. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:0.25:1.1, and more calcium and boron are needed. The base fertilizer should be selected for high-phosphorus fertilizers, followed by low-phosphorus fertilizers. The amount of basic fertilizer is 40-50 kilograms, the ratio of NPK is 1:1:0.75, and the amount of nitrogen-phosphorus potassium is 1∶0.2:0.85.
Ensure sufficient organic fertilizer
Organic manure (including farmyard manure, manure fertilizer, and cake manure) is most suitable for base fertilizer application. For older greenhouses with higher soil fertility, more organic biofertilizer should be used as base fertilizer. To maintain soil fertility and organic matter in the shed without reducing or slightly increasing, organic fertilizer must be added to the greenhouse soil. According to the changes of soil organic matter in greenhouses and the ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen in the ratio of 1:0.4 to 1:10, the maximum yield is to be calculated. To maintain greenhouse organic matter above 2.0% to ensure high yield, organic matter should be applied every year. Organic fertilizer with a content of 30% is not less than 2000 kg/mu. If the soil organic matter content in greenhouses should be increased year by year, the total amount of 30% organic fertilizer applied every year should be more than 2000 kg.
Determine base fertilizer application method according to weather and growth characteristics
When basic fertilizer is applied, large volumes of crude organic fertilizer such as rotten earth fertilizer and manure are mainly used, and the amount of 8-12 cubic meters per acre is used to increase soil organic matter and carbon materials, and at the same time, a small amount of high-quality bioorganic fertilizer is used. 100 ~ 150 kg) and slow-release potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 75 ~ 100 kg. Controlled-release fertilizers are used to regulate the release rate of nitrogen fertilizers in the base fertilizers to avoid the occurrence of high temperatures and prevent root diseases. After fruit set, the whole element fertilizer containing N, P and K must be applied with water.
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