IBM Research uses smartphones and Watson to detect early dementia

Release date: 2015-09-07

Dementia is currently incurable, but early detection of early intervention can significantly reduce the impact of the disease on the lives of patients and caregivers. Therefore, starting in 2012, IBM Research began working with academic and medical institutions to find ways to find out the potential risks of the disease faster and easier. The vehicle they think of is the smartphone/tablet.

Dementia is a common aging disease. People who have this disease are much faster in terms of cognitive decline rate than normal aging people. What is worrying is that as the global population is moving towards an aging trend, the case growth rate of this disease is also accelerating, and it is expected to grow to three times by 2050.

At present, the main means of detecting dementia are nuclear magnetic resonance, blood tests and urine tests, all of which require potential patients to go to the hospital for testing. Many elderly people tend to resist the hospital. When family members finally persuaded them to go to the hospital, they often missed the opportunity of early discovery.

In order to detect the symptoms of dementia as early as possible, the researchers decided to simplify and facilitate the detection process. Their approach is to use the mobile app and IBM's artificial intelligence machine Watson.

The app will show some image tips, ask the user some questions, and then record the user's voice. The problem consists of asking the user to repeat the sentence I just heard, count down, describe the picture, and then let the user say the name of the animal I know as much as possible within half a minute. Some problems are to examine the ability to describe and remember, such as saying something sad or remembering what happened yesterday morning. These seemingly random questions are actually a series of neuropsychological tests, each of which is used to assess the different abilities of the brain. Often this test requires the participation of trained clinicians, and the entire process takes about half an hour, and their project automates the process and reduces the test time to 5 minutes.

The secret is that there is a big doctor behind it - IBM Watson.

The user's answer record will be uploaded to Watson. Watson then performs an algorithmic analysis of the records. In recent years, the research team has accumulated hundreds of patient data, which are divided into three groups, one is the control group, that is, the elderly who claim to have lost their memory but no obvious abnormalities; the other is the pre-dementia, That is, people with mild cognitive impairment; and early dementia.

In the general diagnosis process, the clinician is to judge the symptoms according to the content of the subject's answer. But Dr. Watson's diagnosis avoids the content of the speech, but analyzes the tone of speech, the pause between words, the number of hesitations, and the consistency of speech. Therefore, this process eliminates the need for manual judgment and greatly improves the diagnostic efficiency. The diagnostic accuracy rate is 85%, although it can not be used as a formal diagnostic tool, but it can effectively help doctors.

Currently, this technology from IBM has been used by European doctors involved in research. But to become a real product, you also need to undergo strict legal and regulatory review. However, this has demonstrated the advancement of the machine's cognitive ability—the perception of the cognitive ability of human degradation, which seems to be a deep metaphor for artificial intelligence.

Source: 36æ°ª

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