How to grow organic vegetables? Fertilizer use, pest control
How to grow organic vegetables? Nowadays, organic vegetables are more and more popular among consumers. Therefore, organic and organic vegetables have been planted in most areas. In the process of planting organic vegetables, variety selection, cultivation management and fertilizer use are all indispensable links. Today, Xiaobian I will introduce the cultivation techniques of organic vegetables.
First, the variety selection
1. Seeds and seedlings must meet three requirements: no genetically engineered genetically modified components; no banned substances for treatment; strong resistance to pests and diseases.
2. Seeds and seedlings are selected to be excellent in resistance to pests and diseases, strong in stress resistance, and in line with the local planting environment.
Second, the production base
Although the production base allows the existence of organic conversion plots, it is not possible to have conventionally produced plots during this period. There must be signs at the junction of the plots. The conversion of the production base from conventional production to organic production requires two years of conversion time. After that, it is considered an organic product.
Third, cultivation management
Organic vegetables generally adopt supporting cultivation techniques, and implement crop rotation and clean gardening. Through the techniques of cultivating seedlings, grafting roots, formulating reasonable planting density, covering mulch, and adjusting plants, the natural conditions of light and heat gas are fully utilized to carry out crop rotation. After harvesting organic vegetables, it is necessary to clean the base and improve the environment for the growth of organic vegetables in order to achieve the goal of high yield and high profit.
Fourth, fertilizer use
1. Harmless treatment of fertilizers: There are mainly two methods. One is to mix the fertilizer with water and wet it, then cover it with plastic film to make the fertilizer fully mature. When the fermentation temperature is above 60 degrees, it can kill the fertilizer. The pests and diseases are harmful, and the treated fertilizer is easily absorbed and utilized by organic vegetables; the second is to use the biogas tank to feed the organic fertilizer into the biogas tank for fermentation, and the biogas slurry or biogas residue as organic fertilizer.
2. How to use fertilizer
a. Fertilization amount: When using fertilizer, it is necessary to synchronize the cultivation of vegetables with fertilization. The ratio of animal poultry manure to plant tanning is 1:1.
b. Applying the base fertilizer: 80% of the total fertilization is used as the base fertilizer, and then applied to the tillage layer, which is beneficial to the root absorption of the vegetables. If the conditions permit, the organic compound fertilizer can be used as the seed fertilizer before transplanting or sowing. The amount used is 1500 kg / ha.
c. Skillful application of top dressing: mainly use human excrement and biological fertilizer, etc., select bio-organic foliar fertilizer in vegetable growth period, spray once every other week, spray two or three times continuously, for planting roots and roots Concentrated vegetables can be fertilized by ditching the strips, and then watered with soil in time.
5. Prevention and control of pests and diseases
1. Disease prevention and control: Lime, sulfur and Bordeaux liquid can be used to control various diseases of vegetables. Of course, it is also possible to restrict the use of copper-containing materials, soft soap, botanical preparations, vinegar, etc. to control fungal diseases.
2, pest control: can eliminate parasites, predatory natural enemies to eliminate pests, can also use the use of rotenone (use rotenone need to be careful), botanical pyrethrin, emulsified vegetable oil and diatomaceous earth to kill insects, can also be used Microorganisms and their preparations to control pests.
3, weed control: control weeds through rotation, planting green manure, fallow, etc., can also use electric heat weeding, when you need to pay attention, you need to pay attention to the use of chemical herbicides weeding.
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