Five main points of straw mushroom cultivation and management
Straw mushrooms are also known as orchid mushrooms. They are delicate, crisp and refreshing, delicious, and very nutritious. They are very popular among people. Here are some key points about the management of straw mushroom cultivation.
1. Nutrient absorption The nutrients required for the growth and development of Straw Mushroom are mainly carbohydrates, nitrogen nutrients and minerals. Its nutrient source is mainly saprophytic decomposition and absorption of nutrients and moisture in the base material, and the raw materials are mainly hay, cottonseed hulls, and waste cotton. Under the condition of sufficient nutrition, the mycelium grows vigorously, the fruit body is fat, the yield is high, the quality is good, and the mushroom period is long. In the nutritionally inadequate base, the mycelium of Straw Mushroom has poor growth and development, malformed fruit bodies, poor quality, low yield, and short mushroom period. Therefore, some cow dung, rice sugar, stems and leaves of legume crops, etc. can be added to the base material of the straw mushroom, which can improve the yield and quality.
2. Temperature control The most suitable growth temperature of Straw Mushroom is between 28℃ and 32℃. If the temperature is lower than 25℃, the fruit body is difficult to form; if it is higher than 35℃, it will have a fatal effect on the buds. Bacterial buds develop relatively quickly at high temperatures, but individuals are small, easy to open umbrellas, and are of slightly poor quality. At low temperatures, the growth is slow, it is not easy to crack buds, and the flowers are large and high quality. If the temperature in the shed reaches or exceeds 35℃, the temperature should be lowered in time, otherwise the gray brown fungus umbrella will appear, causing losses. Therefore, in the management process, we must increase the intensity of regulation and control, try to reduce the shed temperature. In summer, cultivation is carried out in the shade or in a low shed.
3. Humidity control Straw mushrooms like high-temperature and high-humidity environments. The growth and development of Straw Mushrooms can be carried out normally only under suitable moisture conditions. Humidity control is an indispensable important work in Straw Mushroom cultivation. At this time, the moisture content of the base material should be maintained at 70% to 75%, and the humidity in the mushroom house should be controlled at 80% to 85%. If the humidity is too low, it is necessary to irrigate the ditch in time. However, it should be noted that when irrigating, the material block should not be allowed to get wet, and when spraying water, the water should not be sprayed toward the material surface. During the mushroom emergence period, the relative humidity in the air should be maintained at 85%~90%. Always keep the mushroom bed in a moist state while maintaining the moisture content of the base. Water should be sprayed into the air frequently to increase the humidity of the air in the shed. The water temperature should be consistent with the air temperature, and it should not be sprayed directly on the material blocks and mushroom buds.
4. Ventilated Straw Mushroom is an aerobic fungus. Only a small amount of ventilation is needed for the hypha growth stage. More oxygen is required during the development of the fruiting body, especially when the mushroom body develops rapidly, which is more important for the circulation of fresh air. Because the mushroom body requires a large amount of oxygen, if the oxygen is insufficient, the growth of the fruit body will be inhibited. When ventilating, the ventilation should not be too fast to prevent the water from evaporating too quickly.
V. Illumination Straw mushroom spore germination and mycelial growth do not require light, but the primordium differentiation of fruiting bodies requires a certain amount of scattered light. Scattered light can promote the formation of straw mushroom fruiting bodies, and proper scattered light can make the fruiting bodies grow robustly and enhance the disease resistance of straw mushrooms. The color of the straw mushroom itself is also related to light. The stronger the light, the darker the color of the fruit body, the tightly packed and shiny. The light is weak, the color of the mushroom body becomes lighter, and the flesh is loose. Straw mushrooms cannot receive strong direct light, otherwise they will inhibit the growth of fruiting bodies.
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