The principle and technical requirements of bumblebee pollination for tomato planting

With the continuous discovery of agricultural modernization, the application of bumblebee pollination in greenhouse tomatoes not only makes the plant fruit rate high, increases yield, but also saves labor and effort, and the fruit quality is good. Let's learn about the bumblebee pollination technology in the shed room tomatoes with Xiaobian.

1 Bumblebee pollination principle

When the bumblebee pollinates the tomato, it flies around the flower and then falls on the flower. The forefoot catches the anther of the tender yellow stamen, while the upper jaw bites the anther, and then makes a sharp sound. This sharp squeak is the sound of the intense contraction of the bumblebee's wings. This kind of ultrasound is transmitted to the pollen inside the anther to release the pollen. This is called "acoustic pollination".

2 Bumblebee pollination technical requirements

2.1 Temperature and humidity in the shed: It is required to maintain the temperature in the shed at 8~30°C to facilitate the pollination of the bumblebee. The temperature is too low or too high, which is not conducive to the activity of the bumblebee. The humidity in the shed has a great influence on the activity of the bumblebee, and the optimal relative humidity should be kept at 70%-80%. If the humidity is too high, the activity of the bumblebee is not strong and the pollination quality is poor.

2.2 Number of bumblebees: A standard vegetable greenhouse (about 1 mu), usually a box of bumblebees can meet the pollination requirements.

2.3 Bee time: 1 to 2 days before flowering (about 5% when flowering). The bee time in spring and autumn is generally from 8 am to 2 pm.

2.4 Honeycomb position: The beehive is placed in the middle of the shed, and the height is about 1 meter from the ground.

2.5 Cover insect net: The shed vent is sealed with a nylon gauze to prevent the bumblebee from flying out of the shed, resulting in a decrease in pollination efficiency. At the same time, prevent pests from entering the shed.

3 application effects

3.1 Increased yield: Bumblebee pollination masters the best time for pollination, strong pollen vigor, high fruit set rate, large seeds, good fruit development, strong growth and rapid growth, all of which are solid fruits, which greatly increase yield and increase yield by about 10%.

3.2 Improve the quality of tomatoes and increase the yield: Bumblebee carries a large amount of pollen accurately on the stigma so that the tomatoes are fertilized well to produce a large number of seeds. The tomato pollinated by the bumblebee has a fruit shape, bright luster, rich juice, high solid content, full grain, natural and pure taste, in line with the green food production standard, and the tomato pollinated by the bumblebee is 60% lower than the control shed. The rate reaches 90%.

3.3 Save time and effort: reduce artificial smear operation, save labor, reduce labor intensity, avoid artificial pollination, cause improper hormone concentration and cause poor quality of fruit hormones. The farmer's operation to reduce the artificial fruit thinning and fruit picking, the average tomato fruit per spike of the bear pollination is 3 to 4, and the finished product rate is over 90%.

3.4 Ensure product health: use bumblebee pollination to avoid the use of hormones such as 2.4-D, anti-dropping, and fruiting for crops; the use of insect nets with bumblebees is extremely effective in preventing the entry of agricultural pests, pyrethroids The pesticides need only be applied to eliminate pests in the shed before a small amount of bees; the incidence and intensity of fungal and viral diseases are greatly reduced.

4 attention to the problem

Bumblebees are sensitive to chemicals. The bunker pollination room, once using chemical pesticides, has a great impact on the bumblebee pollination activities. The greenhouse vegetables pollinated with bumblebee need to be properly controlled to use chemicals.

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