Teach you how to scientifically prevent "malformed cucumber"

Deformed melons often appear in the production of cucumbers in greenhouses. The malformation of cucumbers mainly includes sharp-nosed melons, pot-bellied melons, bee-waist melons, curved melons, etc. Point-billed melons, thick melons near the shoulders, thin tips at the front, resembling carrots; big-bellied melons, melons with very thin parts, and excessive underswelling to form unbalanced melons; bee-waist melons, melon strips with upper and lower parts developed normally , But the middle part develops slowly, causing both ends to be thick and thin.

1. What are the causes of cucumber deformity?

1. Incomplete development of female flowers or weak parthenogenesis

In the early or late stage of cucumber fruiting, the female flower encountered inferior environment (too high or too low temperature, insufficient or excessive water supply) resulting in the incomplete development of the female flower, resulting in a higher proportion of deformed fruit. Such as flower bud differentiation encounter low temperature, easy to bear short fruit. Cucumbers can be parthenocarpy without pollination, and can develop into normal melon strips when the nutritional conditions are good. However, for varieties with weak parthenogenesis, they are prone to form deformities in cases of weak plants, diseases and insect pests, stem and leaf closure, and insufficient fertilizer and water. Melon (more pointed melon).

2. Encounter extreme weather during flowering

During the opening period of cucumber female flowers, under the conditions of high temperature (above 35℃), drought or low temperature and rain, malformed melons are formed due to incomplete pollination and insemination. If the field is not well ventilated, the temperature in the daytime is about 36℃, and the guadi becomes sharp. The abnormal part of the seeds is not developed or the seeds are unevenly distributed, resulting in the formation of sharp fruits and crooked fruits. At low temperatures and rain, the unisexual knots are real-time, and the fruits often bend. Adverse weather such as high temperature and continuous cloudy days leads to insufficient photosynthetic products of plants, and it also easily causes the increase of deformed melons.

3. Insufficient or unbalanced nutrition and water supply

When the plant is poorly grown or weak, the water supply is insufficient during the fruit expansion period, it is easy to have sharp-nosed fruits. During the formation of the melon strips, the amount of water is too large, the growth is too strong, and the fruits with thin waists and big belly are prone to appear. Stiff fruit. In the heyday of melon, insufficient nutrition supply is likely to cause deformed melon, boron deficiency and potassium deficiency are easy to cause bee waist melon.

4. Abnormal plant growth

Plant long: The plant grows too fast, the nutritional growth and the reproductive growth are not balanced, the nutrients produced by the leaves are mainly supplied to the top, and the transfer to the fruit is less. This situation mainly occurs on the new vines that have just begun to sit on the melons, resulting in a sharp mouth. many.

Weak plants: The nutrients produced by the leaves of the plants can not meet the needs of normal plant growth. They generally appear in the heyday and late stage of fruit formation, and some curly melons or potbellied melons often appear.

The plants grow normally but there are too many melons sitting on the melons. The nutrients produced by the leaves can not meet the needs of fruit growth, and it is easy to cause deformed melons and stiff fruits.

2. Since there are so many causes of cucumber deformity, how can we prevent it in the future?

1. Appropriate environmental control

Control the temperature during the flower bud differentiation and flowering period of cucumber, avoid too high or too low, the normal temperature is 28℃～30℃ during the day and 13℃～15℃ at night.

2. Scientific fertilization and water supply

Fertilization should conform to the characteristics of cucumber growth and demand and the special circumstances of different periods. Fertilization management should be carried out according to the whole solution of cucumber, to balance plant nutrition and reproductive growth, to keep plants healthy, to prevent longevity and weakness; watering needs a small number of times to ensure reasonable soil Humidity.

3. Reasonable pruning and melon retention

When binding vines or hanging vines during the fruiting period, remove male flowers and tendrils in time, yellow leaves and diseased old leaves in the lower part of the plant, and remove the deformed melons in time to reduce nutrient consumption. Keep melons reasonably, and clear them when there are too many melons.

4. Strengthen disease prevention and foliar supplement nutrition

Cucumber fruiting stage to prevent downy mildew, Botrytis cinerea (winter spring), target spot (spring) and other diseases, at the same time pay attention to foliar supplement of boron, zinc and other trace elements.

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