Symptoms and preventive measures of pepper virus disease
Pepper is a common vegetable. Many people will grow it by themselves. In the process of planting pepper, they often encounter the phenomenon of “three falling†of pepper and the falling leaves of flowers. Some experienced farmers should know that this is caused by viral disease. The cultivation of peppers and the introduction of varieties, the occurrence of pepper virus in the field is becoming more and more serious, so what is the reason? How to effectively prevent and cure? Let's take a look at the following.
First, the symptoms of pepper virus disease
Capsicum virus disease mainly has mosaic, deformity, necrosis and streaking. Among them, the necrotic type is acute, and the speed of transmission is fast, which will cause three falls, resulting in the dryness of the whole pepper. The streak type usually occurs in the late stage of the fruit. At the beginning of the disease, brown streaks, depressions and yellowing appear in the upper part of the fruit. Malformation can cause the blade to deform upwards or clumps. The mosaic type causes problems such as yellow-green phase or dark green mottled leaves and fruits.
Second, the cause of pepper virus disease
Capsicum virus source plants are widely distributed, and soil and seeds can be poisoned, becoming the primary source of infiltration. Generally, the degree of onset of pepper varieties is quite different. Spicy peppers are more resistant to sweet peppers, and fruity or cone-shaped varieties are more resistant to disease than lantern-shaped varieties. In addition, climatic conditions (high temperature and drought), calcium deficiency and potassium, which cause the disease resistance of plants to be weakened, are easy to cause the disease.
Third, the prevention and treatment of pepper virus disease
At present, there is no "special effect drug" for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases. There are many prevention and treatment methods for the transmission and occurrence of viral diseases. Most of them take the methods of spraying prevention, controlling aphids and strengthening field management to prevent viral diseases.
Occurrence of prevention and treatment agents: ribavirin, morpholinium hydrochloride and the like can inhibit and interfere with the process of virus proliferation. It can be sprayed with brassinoside, or amino oligosaccharide, bacteriophage, and neomycin. , plant disease or Ningnanmycin plus triacontanol, once every 7 days or so, 2-3 times in a row.
Fourth, the prevention of pepper virus disease
1. According to local conditions, choose disease-resistant, high-yield and high-quality varieties according to local conditions, such as Nongda No.22, Nongfa Sweet Pepper, Haifeng No.1, Tongfeng No.37, Xiangyan No.10, etc.
2, the seed may carry the virus, so soaking seeds with sodium phosphate or potassium permanganate before sowing, germination sowing, to some extent reduce the possibility of viral disease.
3. Select the plots of seedlings that have not been planted with solanaceous vegetables. The seedbed soil is mixed with carbendazim, ethylphosphonium, aluminum, manganese and zinc, and sprinkled into the noodles; 10 minutes before the seedlings and planting, 0.1% zinc sulfate is sprayed once. Solution to prevent viral diseases.
4, aphids are the main transmission media of pepper virus disease, can cover the silver-gray mulch, not only can heat preservation and humidification, but also avoid aphids, but also can use insect-proof nets to control aphids to achieve the effect of preventing viral diseases.
5, more application of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, supplement calcium, zinc, boron and other trace elements to improve plant disease resistance. Watering during the growing period keeps the soil moist, especially during the harvesting period.
6. When carrying out the farming operations such as pruning, tying, spraying, etc., it is necessary to standardize, avoid artificial transmission of viruses, separate operations on diseases and healthy plants, remove sick bodies, reduce the source of bacteria, and bring the former crops out of the field for centralized treatment. Dig deep into the pit to avoid poisoning.
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