How to prevent melon cracking
Winter melons and melons cultivated in summer often produce cracked fruit, which not only affects the appearance, but also affects the quality and loses the value of the commodity. In addition, the cracked fruit can also cause the bacteria to invade the melon to breed, causing local deterioration or decay of the fruit, affecting storage and transportation. So how to prevent melon cracking fruit?
The production of melon cracking fruit is usually divided into three types according to the location and shape: one is radial cracking fruit. Extending from the fruit pedicle to the shoulder of the fruit, it is radially deep. The second is an annular cracked fruit with an annular crack. The third is a strip of cracked fruit. In addition, there is also a ring-shaped or radiation-mixed split fruit on one fruit, and a cracked fruit or a split skin on the right side.
The cause of the cracked fruit is a physiological disease. Unfavorable conditions such as high temperature, hot sun, drought, heavy rain and uneven watering in summer are the main causes of melon and melon cracking, especially in the case of showers and heavy rains, causing root physiology and dysfunction, and hindering the normal absorption or operation of boron. -6 days, the fruit is cracked; during the fruit development, due to the soil or air drought in the early stage, the water in the fruit is lost by the evaporation of the leaf surface, and the growth of the epidermis is suppressed. When there is sudden rainfall or excessive irrigation, the skin grows. Can not catch up with the expansion of the pulp tissue to produce swell pressure, resulting in a crack in the fruit surface, due to excessive moisture, the crack will increase and deepen. Therefore, in the period of fruit expansion during production, the main cause of cracking is the occurrence of large dry and wet deformation. In addition, the sun shines directly on the fruit surface, and the fruit surface temperature rises or the fruit matures too much, and the peel skin ages.
The degree of fruit cracking is mainly related to the following factors: First, it is related to the fruit skin strength and extensibility, that is, it is restricted by the thickness of the parenchyma of the fruit epidermis, and has little relationship with the fruit firmness and pectinase activity in the pulp. Second, it is related to the species and variety of fruits. Third, it is related to cultivation techniques. The melon garden plants in production have strong growth, and the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are less coordinated and less cracking; the plant growth is poor, the stems, leaves, roots, and plants are poorly nutritious until the harvest is generally cracked.
Control method
(1) Select anti-cracking varieties.
(2) In the rainy or rainy season, deep trench sorghum or squatting and scaffolding cultivation methods are used.
(3) Adding organic fertilizer, increasing soil water permeability and water retention, so that the soil water supply is uniform, the root system is developed, the branches are leafy, and the timely pruning makes the fruit develop normally, which can reduce the cracking.
(4) There are fewer thick-walled cell layers in the tops and sticking parts of melon and melon fruits, which can be reversed during cultivation to promote fruit development.
(5) Harvest at the right time to reduce the number of cracked fruit.
(6) If necessary, spraying 0.1% zinc sulfate or copper sulfate during the fruit expansion period can improve the heat resistance and enhance the crack resistance. In addition, 1510-6 gibberellin or indole acetic acid or 3010-6 naphthaleneacetic acid is sprayed after the petals are detached, once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row, to prevent cracking.
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