Shelf broiler technology
There are generally three forms of rearing broilers: terrarium raising, net frame raising and cage raising. Practice has proven that feeding Avian broilers in the net racks is the most suitable way of feeding in rural areas.
First, the characteristics of feeding cages
1. Shelf raising is better than ping raising. First of all, the nets raise the birds off the ground and avoid contact with the ground excrement, which reduces the incidence of E. coli and coccidiosis. Secondly, it is convenient to clean the excrement of chicken coops, which can effectively reduce labor intensity and reduce labor time.
2. The net rack culture is better than the cage net broiler equipment is simple, the cost is low, generally every equipment for feeding 100 chickens is invested between 30-40 yuan. The investment in cage equipment is based on the current market price, and the minimum is 200 yuan. Chicken is raised on the net, the net is softer than the cage, the open space is wide, and the range of chicken activities is large. The common leg disease and the proportion of empyema present in broilers are much smaller than those in cages.
Second, network technology
1, the establishment of the chicken house. The chicken house is best located in a place away from the village, with a slightly higher terrain and good ventilation. No matter the building is made of asbestos or a cottage, the house should not be too low. The houses with too low a house have poor winter insulation and poor heat insulation in summer. There is a skylight on the roof, ventilation holes on the walls, windows and doors should not be too small, and the span of the house should be more than 5 meters.
2, heating and heating. Temperature is the key to improving the survival rate of broilers. After the hen house is completed, it is best to use heating equipment. The flame of the mantle should be built on the side of the gable near the door. The dragon enters the house and is divided into left and right forks. It is brought together on the other side of the gable and discharged from the chimney outside the wall. The fire dragon is between 0.75 and 1.50 meters away from the left and right walls.
3, the network structure. Chicken nets are generally built from the ground about 1 to 1.2 meters, on both sides of the house, directly above the fire dragon, leaving 0.5 to 0.75 meters in the middle of the corridor, in order to clear the manure, add food and water work. The shelves are constructed with bamboo rods or sticks with a diameter of 2 to 2.5 cm to withstand the weight of chickens.
4, before entering the preparation. To build a new chicken house, simply spray it once with a disinfectant. For example, use 100 poison to kill, disinfect the king and spray. If it is an old chicken house, carefully clean the equipment and then spray it with 2% NaOH solution. Then, fumigation with potassium permanganate, formaldehyde, and then finally kill the spray with 100 poison. After all the disinfection is completed, the pre-temperature ignition is started so that the temperature of the brood range reaches 32-35°C. The warm-up time depends on the season and the outside temperature. Preheating usually takes 2 to 3 days in winter, 2 days in spring and autumn, and 1 day in summer. Always check the thermometer to see if the temperature is satisfactory. The stove is pre-warmed to prevent gas poisoning.
5, management after entering the young. After entering the chicks, the chicks should first drink water, and add electrolysis multidimensional and glucose to the drinking water to reduce the stress during transportation. The temperature after entering the chicks is the best standard for the comfort of the flock. If the flock is far away from the heat source and there is mouth breathing, then the temperature is high. If the flock is close to a heat source and crowded together, it means that the temperature is low. Evenly spreading the chickens on the edge of the heat source indicates that the temperature is moderate. Generally, the temperature is 32-35°C in the previous week, and then decreases by about 3°C ​​per week, and it is more appropriate to reach 21°C. Broilers in the appropriate temperature range, the ideal humidity of about 40 to 72%, humidity is too large, it will induce a variety of diseases such as coccidiosis, the humidity is too low, the increase of dust in the air, prone to respiratory diseases.
Broilers generally use 24 hours of light. If the dark time of 1 hour is given each day, the birds can adapt to the dark environment. Once the power is cut off, they will not be crowded and suffocated. The principle of light intensity of broilers is strong to weak, with 2.7 watts of light per square meter for 1 to 2 weeks. This will help chicks get acquainted with the environment and eat enough water. The third week began to change to 0.7-1.3 watts of light per square meter. Strong light is harmful to the flock and hinders growth. Low light can keep the flock quiet and conducive to growth and fattening.
Fresh and proper circulation of air in the house is a prerequisite for keeping broilers. Enough oxygen can keep chickens in good health. Generally, the oxygen content of the chicken house should be maintained at 18% or more. Avoid excessive ammonia in the house. Excessive inhalation of ammonia can stimulate the trachea and cause tracheitis, conjunctivitis, ascites, etc., and also increase the chance of coccidiosis infection. , thereby reducing the conversion rate of feed, resulting in slow growth.
Regular epidemic prevention can effectively prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases. Such as chicken Newcastle disease, infectious bursa, bronchitis, etc., broilers generally use four vaccines. The first week with H120 eye drops, the second week of drinking water in the vaccine, H52 drinking water in the third week, the fourth week of bursal seedlings.
Observing the flock can keep abreast of the health of the flock. Healthy chickens have good spirits, responsiveness, strong appetite, unhealthy chickens, low spirits, sluggish movements, neck-closed eyes, unresponsiveness, stray dullness, drooping wings, and poor spirit. Under normal circumstances, the feces have a certain shape, grayish brown, with a certain amount of white substance attached to the surface. If the stool is abnormal, it means that the disease has been infected and timely diagnosis and treatment should be conducted to avoid economic loss.
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