Seedless watermelon cultivation techniques

Seedless watermelons have the characteristics of strong growth potential, disease resistance and high sugar content, but there are also problems of “three lows” with low seed collection, low germination rate and low seedling rate. To this end, all areas are exploring ways to solve it. Comprehensive production and test results can be used to overcome the “three lows” with the following effective measures. 1. Artificially assisted pollination. When seedless watermelon is used for seed production, the parental tetraploid is subjected to artificial pollination using the mixed pollen of the parental common watermelon (the pollen of the same strain and different strains), so that more and more ideal pollen falls onto the stigma and pollen is increased. The germination rate promotes the rapid growth of pollen tubes and completes the fertilization smoothly, thereby improving the seed quality. 2, increase phosphate fertilizer. According to research conducted by the Institute of Fruit Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the average grain yield per unit area increased by 12.2 to 25% compared with the non-fertilized areas. Phosphorus can not only increase the seed production of the female tetraploid watermelon, but also have a significant effect on improving the fertility of the tetraploid seeds, promoting the development of embryos, and increasing the 1000-grain weight, germination rate and seedling rate of seedless watermelon seeds. 3, appropriate amount of boron. According to the study, boron application has a good effect on improving the seed-free watermelon seed's pregnancy and increasing its seed collection. When cultivating seedlings, 2 mg of borax was added per kilogram of nutrient soil. From the buds to the flowering stage, 0.05% boron solution was sprayed twice a day for 7 days. The yield per mu was 53.4% ​​higher than the control. 4, rational dense planting. Close planting is an important way to increase seed production. Generally, 1000-1400 strains per acre are planted, and it is advisable to leave one melon per plant. 5, broken shell high temperature germination. Artificial shelling is a simple and effective measure to increase the germination rate of seedless watermelons. It is generally soaked first and then shelled. The germination temperature should be maintained at 35 °C -37 °C. 6, improve the cultivation conditions. Before sowing, it must be soaked with germination, and the use of nutritious lotus seedlings, nursery seedbed temperature is higher than ordinary watermelon. Seedless watermelon buds have a poorer top soil capacity, and should be soiled at the time of sowing, and should be sown with a shallow cover of 0.5 cm. Artificially stripped "with caps".