Plastic film covering cultivation potato sowing technique points
At present, it is the planting season for potato film production to cover the production of potatoes. In order to be able to guarantee the quality and quantity of potato production, the following technical measures are specifically proposed for reference by the majority of potato farmers.
Site preparation
Combined with the relatively wet time of the rain and snow soil, we should pay close attention to soil cultivation. In order to reduce the loss of soil moisture, it is best to do a one-time improvement of the ground. In regions where the amount of rainfall is low, the soil is still dry, and irrigation and then soil preparation are required.
Seed coating
The purpose of the seed coating is to eliminate pathogenic bacteria on the surface of seed potatoes and reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases and pests. It is also possible to improve the nutritional status of seed potatoes and promote seedling growth by adding nutrients to the coating agent. Here we introduce a seed coating formulation: Shileshi (fludioxonil) 10ml, agricultural streptomycin 3g, Gao Qiao (Imidacloprid) 20ml, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g, urea 5g, superphosphate 5 Grams, 1 kilogram of water (filtered out of impurities) is evenly sprayed on 100 kilograms of seed potatoes to dry the liquid after cutting and germination.
Germination
Seed germination can be carried out after the seed skin liquid is dry. Germination is an effective technical measure to ensure rapid emergence, emergence, and production. The suitable temperature for germination is 18-22°C, and the suitable environmental humidity (air humidity) is 85% relative humidity, but the surface of the tuber can not form water droplets, otherwise it is easy to cause decay of seed potatoes. The simple and convenient method of germination is to place the cut sweet potato in the basket and cover it with sacks or haystacks. Place it in a warm place such as a greenhouse. The germination size should be about 3 cm long. Two to three days before sowing, let the young buds see light turn green and then sow.
Fertilizer
Fertilization period includes base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. Base fertilizer includes earth fertilizer, granular organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. When surface preparation, the ground is spread and then soil preparation is performed. Fertilizer is mainly fertilizer, and part of granular organic fertilizer (or bean cake that has been cooked well) can also be added. Fertilizers are applied to the trenches at the time of sowing; topdressing is mainly chemical fertilizers, and seedlings are applied at the hair growth stage. The application amount of fertilizer is related to the soil type and fertility. The fertilization amount of medium fertility soil is 2 to 3 m3/mu for organic fertilizer, 100 to 150 kg/mu for ternary compound fertilizer containing about 20% potassium, and Urea 10 Kilograms/acre. 1/3 compound fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, 1/3 as seed fertilizer, 1/3 as top dressing, urea 1/2 as seed fertilizer, and 1/2 as top dressing.
Seeding method
1, sowing density
The suitable density for mulching cultivation is 5000-5500 plants/mu. Single-ridge and double-row planting methods should be adopted, that is, the ridge distance is 90 centimeters, the spacing between two rows is 20 to 25 centimeters, and the plant spacing is 27 to 30 centimeters.
2, sowing depth and method
When planting, first apply the seeding fertilizer in a shallow ditch with a depth of 5 to 7 cm and a width of 20 to 25 cm and mix well with the soil. Then pour a small amount of water into the ditch and sow the seed after soaking. When planting, do not shoot buds up or down. The best way is to plant the buds parallel to the furrows in parallel with the furrows. After planting, ridge with mechanical or artificial soil. Depth of earth (more than seed potatoes) reaches 10-12 cm, not too deep, not too shallow. Deep soil will cause the soil to heat up slowly, and the thick soil will lead to the extension of the seedling stage and affect plant growth. Therefore, the soil depth should not exceed 15 cm. Pay attention to the fact that the ridge should be squared and it should not be cultivated into a sharp ridge, otherwise the potato block will “arch out†the ground and make it see light turn green.
3, spray herbicide and cover film
After the ridges were applied, herbicides were sprayed on the ridges to reduce weed growth. The following herbicides can be used.
(1) 24% Goer EC 40-50mL evenly spray water to the surface of 60kg of water table, Gore is a contact killing herbicide, spraying should be uniform and thoughtful, do not damage the film after spraying, dosage should be accurate.
(2) 33% of Shi Tian's cream oil 150-200mL, spray 40-50kg evenly on the soil surface. After the spraying, we must cover the mulch immediately after wetting the ridge, so as to better exert the efficacy of the herbicide. When covering the film, it is required to make the film close to the ground and there should be no soil support under the film.
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