Liyuan autumn management points
The following five tasks need to be done during the period between early September and late November:
One, high access to another species. For the new high, longevity, autumn water and other varieties with poor performance traits, we must carry out high access, change varieties, and improve quality. Budding can be carried out from the beginning of September to the beginning of October, and branching can be carried out after mid-October. Longer yields can quickly restore production, while the original old varieties in the tree can also have some production. Usually 3 years old, 15 or more buds; 5 year old trees have more than 50 buds. If autumn grafting is not completed, it can be completed in February of the following year.
Second, pull the sticks. Generally 2-3 years old pears mainly pull the main branch or the main branch extension branch, vice main branch, etc. The 4-5 year old tree mainly pulls the extension branch, the side branch and the second branch main branch of the vice main branch. Because the autumn branches are soft and not easy to break, the shape is fast and the branches are flattened or headed downwards. After loosening them for some time, they will rebound upwards. The secondary branch is lower than the main branch, the side branch is lower than the secondary branch, and the other standing branches do not have to pull.
Third, apply organic fertilizer. It is best to apply fertilizer, open deep trenches, the number of 1000-1500 kg per acre, plus 1/100 superphosphate. It is best to fertilize the soil under the fertiliser or fertilize the layer of soil. The depth of the ditch is not less than 40 cm, width 30-40 cm, length depending on the size of the tree, generally 40 cm in 1-2 years, 60 cm in 3-4 years, 80 cm in 5-6 years, up to 6 years Meter. In the previous year, the ditch was dug on both sides of the tree, and in the next year, it was dug on the north and south sides of the tree and excavated outside the original fertilization ditch every year.
Fourth, eliminate grass damage. Artificial grasses are mainly used to minimize chemical weeding. The purpose of weeding is to prevent weeds from competing with fruit trees to reduce the number of grass seeds in the soil next year. After weeding, we must pay close attention to earthworms and nocturnal insects on the tree to eat leaves. If serious, we still need to prevent and control it. The thick layer of dry grass should do fire prevention work.
Fifth, pest and disease control. In early autumn, the temperature is still high, and it is easy to cause damage to red spiders and pear nets. In addition, leaf-feeding pests such as mulberry caterpillars, moths, and other late-born larvae are susceptible to melasma, rosyleaf, and spotted deciduous disease on wet leaves. Therefore, after the harvest of pear fruit is still required to spray control 1-2 times, available Nisugang, cypermethrin, mancozeb and other agents. At the same time, it is necessary to remove dead stems from pear trees and bring them out in a timely manner to reduce the number of overwintering bases for winter moths and other pests.
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