Kidney health grabbed from the doll
If patients with chronic kidney disease cannot get timely and effective treatment, they will develop uremia, eventually requiring long-term dialysis treatment or even kidney transplants, causing economic and psychological pressure on the patient and family. March 10 this year was the 11th World Kidney Disease Day, and this year's theme is "Kidney Health, Grab the Doll".
â–¡Nanjing Children's Hospital Department of Nephrology Bao Huaying
There are currently more than 2 million children with kidney disease in China. Among them, children with chronic renal failure are also on the increase. Renal diseases not only threaten adults, but also become a serious threat to children's health.
Children's acute kidney injury (AKI), which is currently caused by various causes, may cause children to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) many years later. The main cause of CKD in children is secondary kidney injury caused by complications of congenital and non-renal diseases.
Children's CKD not only increases childhood morbidity and mortality but, importantly, it also causes many medical problems in adulthood and old age. In fact, many infectious diseases that cause children to die are related to kidney involvement. For example, many children with severe infectious diarrhea do not actually die of infection, but die from the resulting acute kidney injury, followed by hypovolemia and shock due to acute kidney injury.
In addition, a large amount of data shows that adult hypertension, proteinuria, and CKD have existed since childhood, and may even have been buried when the baby is still in the mother's stomach. Therefore, in this year's "World Kidney Day", it is hoped that the concept of "many adult kidney disease has actually begun since childhood" will be popularized in the crowd, so that people, especially young parents, will realize that children existed in childhood. High-risk factors and events, and timely identification and early intervention.
The incidence of CKD in children is still relatively low, with about 15-74.7 children per million children. The main cause of CKD in children is congenital and hereditary abnormalities. To date, more than 150 gene mutations have been found to be associated with them, and most of these gene mutations have existed since childhood and most of them can lead to CKD progression.
Congenital renal urethra malformations are common causes of childhood CKD, including renal dysgenesis/hyperplasia and urinary obstruction. Most glomerular diseases in children are caused by genetic abnormalities or acquired defects in podocytes (adherent to special cells outside the glomerular capillaries). Hereditary metabolic abnormalities are rare but extremely important causes of CKD in children, such as: high oxaluria, cystine disease and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) - complement, coagulation, or metabolic abnormalities caused by genetic abnormalities Microvascular disease. Congenital nephrotic syndrome, metabolic diseases and cystine disease are relatively rare causes.
Pay attention to kidney disease in children, help early treatment, effectively prevent the progression of CKD, and thus form an effective solution. The expected effect depends on the popularity of health care and measures. The treatment of AKI and CKD children and even infants requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) can effectively reduce the burden of kidney disease in adults. This requires a rapid, economical, and effective way to provide children with acute RRT treatment resources.
The Origin and Influence of Congenital Nephropathy
In fact, in regions where prenatal ultrasound examinations are routinely performed, most children with abnormal urinary tracts can be detected prior to production, so that early intervention can be performed. However, in many parts of the world, children with structural abnormalities are often found later in the development of clinical symptoms.
At present, children with the following conditions are generally considered to require further examination: prenatal ultrasound examination shows suspected genitourinary system abnormalities, a family history of kidney disease, growth disorders, a history of urinary tract infection, abnormal urination, and abnormal urine appearance. The initial screening includes targeted physical examinations, urine test strips, urine analysis, and basic biochemistry. If necessary, targeted assessments can be performed.
Current data on the treatment of delayed CKD in children are limited. Depending on the diagnosis, medications and dietary treatments can be used accordingly. However, diet therapy needs to meet the needs of children's growth and development. In addition, strict control of blood pressure can delay the development of CKD in children caused by various causes.
Some very young children may need kidney replacement therapy early in the day. Even if dialysis is started from the neonatal period, the survival rate of the patient is considerable. Kidney transplantation is the preferred alternative treatment for children, and it is suitable for children older than 12 months. It has better survival rate, graft survival rate, and growth and development.
It should be noted that a large number of studies have shown that children's CKD is not only a kidney problem, but also can increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease in children and affect their survival time.
Now people have realized that except for children with congenital kidney disease, perinatal diseases can affect the child's future health even if there is no obvious kidney disease during childhood.
For example, preterm infants have a significantly increased risk of kidney disease long after they are born. The survival rate of preterm infants continues to increase, and most preterm infants whose kidneys have not yet completed can survive. Limited data indicate that in neonatal ICUs, such premature infants are exposed to many nephrotoxic drugs, and that children who die before discharge have fewer glomeruli and larger glomeruli. Kidney damage exists in surviving preterm infants but is not easily detected. Data show that full-term low birth weight infants are also at high risk of hypertension, proteinuria, and CKD. The direct measurement of nephrons in these patients during adulthood resulted in a decrease in the number of nephrons, and thus the relative insufficiency of cardiac and renal congenital conditions.
The key to focusing on children in the World Kidney Disease Day is the lifetime follow-up of renal function and blood pressure in preterm or full-term low-birth-weight infants. At the same time, the use of nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided, which will help prevent the majority of CKD. Resolving high medical costs for rare diseases is also the key to the future treatment of pediatric kidney disease. Pang Fang Finishing
Liraglutide injection pen is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that helps regulate blood sugar levels by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon production. The injection pen is pre-filled with liraglutide and is administered once a day subcutaneously (under the skin). It is important to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare provider on how to use the injection pen and to monitor blood sugar levels regularly. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness.
Liraglutide Injection Pen,Injectable Liraglutide Pen,Reusable Liraglutide Pen Injector,Rhgh Pen Injector
Shanghai Enjosim Medical Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.enjosimmedical.com