Introduction and Cultivation Techniques of Hei Mi Grape in Northern Jiangsu

The black honey grape belongs to the European and American hybrids and is an early-maturing variety of the Jufeng system tetraploid fresh grape. In 2006, the test plant of Malingshan Forest Farm in Xinyi City was introduced, which demonstrated high yield, disease resistance, and ease of management. The results in 2007, three consecutive years of high yield from 2008 to 2010, the average annual yield of 1350 kg per mu, and good economic returns.

In northern Jiangsu, black honey grapes germinate in mid-to late March. In mid-April, inflorescences appear. In early May, flowers begin to bloom, and in mid-May, they bloom. In late May, young fruit begins to inflate. In mid-July, berries ripen. Spike conical, average ear weight 500 grams, average grain weight 12 grams. The fruit is ovate, the skin is purplish red, the fruit powder is thick, the fruit juice is medium, there is a strong rose fragrance, the soluble solid content is 18%, and it is resistant to storage and transportation.

Garden

Choose a sandy land with deep soil to build a garden. Before the planting, ditches and fertilizes, with a width of 1 meter and a depth of 0.8 meters. Fertilizer and topsoil are blended in and applied. After the decomposed organic fertilizer exceeds 5,000 kg per mu, 100 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 30 kg of superphosphate are poured. Choose a strong seedling with a dry base of 1 cm or more in the north and south to be planted in a south-north direction with a spacing of 3 meters and a spacing of 1 meter, fence-style cultivation, and mulching after planting.

Fertilizer management

After the planting, weeding and weeding were performed in summer and no fertilizer was applied in the spring. After that, base fertilizer was applied every autumn. The basal fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer. The saplings and early fruit trees are planted with 15 kg of applied cyclic sulcus. During the fruit period, 4000-6000 kg of compost per acre, 10 kg of urea, and 50 kg of superphosphate are used. Shi. Apply fertilizer 4 times a year, 2 weeks before germination, apply nitrogen fertilizer, apply 5 to 7.5 kg of urea per acre, use nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers 1 week after flowering, apply 4 to 6 kg of urea per mu, and 50 kg of superphosphate; Phosphorus and Potassium fertilizers are the main fertilizers in the expansion period, and 60-80 kg of special compound fertilizer is applied per acre. When the berries are soft, 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate per acre is applied, and water is applied after fertilization. In combination with pest control, a mixture of 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed in the early growth stage; 0.2% to 0.3% boric acid solution is sprayed during flowering; and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed during fruit expansion.

Pruning

The use of fence-type horizontal arms, shaping the cultivation of a vertical thick vines, cut 60 to 70 cm in winter shear. In the spring of the second year, two new shoots with strong cuts and extensions on both sides were selected as the arm branches, and the branches were horizontally tied, and the remaining branches were removed. In the winter shearing period, 8 to 12 buds were cut in the arms, and new shoots were taken from each section of the arm and were used as the result of the next year. After each year, the mother branch on the horizontal arm is used as a unit to trim or renew the pruning. The pruning of the middle tip is the main method, and the pruning of the long and short tips is combined. Doing the vines topping in the summer.

Flower and fruit management

The buds were divided into sparse spikes before flowering, and the tips were removed, leaving about 3300 spikes per mu. In the first half of June, the fruit was dropped and the fruit was stable and the fruits were left with about 60 grains per ear. After spraying the bactericide, the granules are sprayed and then bagged. Within 3 days, the sterilizer is finished. Pick the bag 10 days before fruit picking to promote fruit coloring.

The main pest control diseases are black pox, downy mildew, powdery mildew and anthracnose. The pests mainly include scarabs and leaf spot cockroaches.

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