What should I do if the yield of summer melons and vegetables is low?
Every summer, many growers report that the number of female flowers of melon vegetables is decreasing, and the trees grow without fruit. Next, let's listen to the suggestions of relevant people to solve the problems of low female flowers and low yields of melons and vegetables in an all-round way.
The number of female flowers is small and the tree grows without fruit
Vegetable farmer A: There are more than 20 leaves in my loofah, but I haven't seen a single flower, let alone the shadow of a female flower. The tree grows without fruit, which is very worrying. To this end, I have also taken many measures, but the results are not good, and I am eager to find a solution.
Vegetable farmer B: I selected an all-female cucumber variety. After planting in the summer, the number of female flowers is not very large. The characteristic performance is especially obvious after the temperature is reduced in the later period. There are many female flowers, one flower per section.
Master planters have their own tricks
Master A: The temperature in the early stage of cucumber planting is too high, and the flower bud differentiation is poor, which often results in fewer female flowers and poor sitting. I usually spray ethephon or zagualing at the seedling stage to promote the differentiation of female flowers.
Generally, when cucumber is 1-2 true leaves, the flower buds of the leaf axils of the 2nd to 11th nodes gradually differentiate, but the sex has not been determined. The effect of spraying ethephon during this period is the best. At the stage of 4 true leaves, since the sex of the flower buds has been determined, the use of ethephon on the early flower bud differentiation will not have the effect of inducing female flowers. It can only affect the flower bud differentiation after 10 leaves. The appropriate concentration of using ethephon to control the sex of cucumber is 2500-3000 times of 40% ethephon. If the temperature is still high after that, it can be sprayed again after a week, and the concentration is 3000 times. However, after the cucumber is treated with ethephon, the internodes are shortened and the female flowers increase, and there are almost all female flowers within the 20 nodes of the plant. During this period of time, the nutrient needs of the plants are strong. In order to prevent melons and abnormal melons, and to ensure the normal development of cucumber young melons, management must be strengthened to ensure adequate supply of fertilizer and water, rationally thin melons, and strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.
Master B: Loofah likes high temperature, but in the seedling stage, the growth temperature of loofah should not be controlled very high, otherwise it will easily promote the lengthening of the plants, the thin stalks, and the flowering will also be affected. The temperature in the shed in summer can easily exceed 35°C, and the ventilation conditions may even exceed 40°C. Under high temperature conditions, there is a lot of fertilization, especially partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, and sufficient water can easily cause the luffa plants to grow vigorously. In addition, many vegetable farmers do not pay attention to regulating the night temperature, and the lowest temperature in the shed at night is also above 20 ℃, which will lead to the increase of the female flower differentiation node and delay the flowering time.
Pay attention to management to increase flowers and fruits
In recent years, many strong-female and all-female cucumbers have appeared on the market. These varieties do show the characteristics of a large number of female flowers, but this needs to be based on reasonable environmental conditions and plant growth. At the same time, the stronger the cucumber female, the lower the disease resistance. On the whole, the characteristics of strong females or full females are a double-edged sword. It is necessary to create reasonable conditions for cucumbers to increase flowers and promote fruit. Therefore, even if vegetable farmers choose such varieties, they should also pay attention to regulating plant growth, shortening the sunshine hours, and spraying chemicals reasonably.
In addition to genetic factors, flower bud differentiation is also directly affected by temperature and the length of sunshine. High-temperature and long-days are usually conducive to the differentiation of male flowers, while female flowers are relatively reduced; low-temperature and short-days are conducive to the differentiation of female flowers. Therefore, when planting over-summer vegetables such as loofah and cucumber, we must pay attention to seedling management, and increase the number of female flowers through physical measures such as lowering temperature, shortening light time, increasing humidity, and increasing carbon dioxide concentration, and spraying 40% ethephon at seedling stage. Therefore, the experience of many vegetable farmers above is worth learning. What needs to be reminded here is that if you choose to spray ethephon to promote the differentiation of female flowers, don't be too late. If the plant is too large, it will easily lead to premature aging.
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