High-yield Cultivation Techniques of Pumpkin Intercropping Corn
In recent years, high-yield cultivation techniques for pumpkin intercropping corn have been developed, and many regions have tried and achieved good results. The cultivation mode of pumpkin intercropping corn is to make full use of heat, light, water and land resources in space and time. It is a high-yield, high-input and high-efficiency compound planting mode, and traditional planting. Compared with the way, it not only saves land resources, but also increases food production. This planting model can greatly increase the resilience of crops and increase the complexity of field ecosystems, increase the stress resistance of crop populations, and reduce the incidence of pests and diseases.
1. Carry out plot selection
When selecting a plot of pumpkin intercropped corn, you should choose a plot of wheat, soybean meal, which has a flat terrain, a good drainage system, or a plot that has not been applied with long residual pesticides for 3 years.
2. Site preparation and ridge
Under normal circumstances, in the autumn, the soil preparation work, using the method of deep pine shallow turning, the depth of shallow turning should be about 12cm, and the depth of deep pine should be more than 30cm. After the shallow turning and deep loosening, the shovel is carried out in time. When the ground is smashed, the target is deeply penetrated by a heavy target, and the depth should be more than 15 cm. Then, the target is crushed and flattened using a light target.
After the end of the depression, the ridge operation is carried out, and the distance between the two ridges is preferably 110 cm. The standard for large ridge ridges is: the ridges are kept flat, the distance between the ridges is uniform, the error of 100m is ≤5cm, the width of the furrow is generally 110cm, the height of the ridge is about 15cm, and the width of the ridge is about 110cm. effect. Set 4 ridges as one unit, 2 rows of corn in the middle, and 2 rows of pumpkins on the outside, and pumpkin vines spread to the corn ridge.
3. Pumpkin planting technology
3.1 Variety selection
When selecting varieties, try to select some varieties with high resistance to ensure that the pumpkin varieties are excellent. At present, in terms of pumpkin varieties, the Abes variety, which is popular with domestic and foreign markets and has high resistance to high quality, has an average fruit weight of 1.2 kg and the color of the peel is dark green. The flesh is rich in yellow and has a high nutritional value.
3.2 sowing
Sowing date: Under normal circumstances, in mid-April, the cold weather has completely passed, and some soils with frozen conditions have been basically frozen. During this period, the autumn ridges should be immediately repressed and protected. The blocks are balanced and some of the larger clods are crushed. After the sowing date is determined, the 10 cm plough layer is stabilized above 10 ° C and the planting work is started immediately. After the planting is completed, the repression work needs to be carried out immediately. We can choose the right seeding machine for the seeding work.
Density: In the process of planting, the planting density should be controlled, not too dense, and not too thin. Generally, it can be controlled at 10,000 plants/hm2, and the distance between each strain should be kept at 45 to 46 cm. Before sowing, the sowing depth should be 4~5cm. After the suppression, the depth should be about 3cm. The sowing depth of each strain should be uniform and the number of seeds should be uniform. When using the fine seeder for planting work, Its speed should be controlled at 6km/h.
3.3 Field Management
The cultivating management was carried out twice, the rods were used in the first 2 times, and the soil was used in the last 1 time. The cultivating work in the first pass should be carried out when the pumpkin is put on the line. The work at this time should be mainly deep pine, and the depth of its deep pine should be above 30cm. When the cultivating work is carried out in the second pass, it should be carried out when the pumpkin is spread out of the leaves of 4 to 5 leaves.
Topping: At the end of the pumpkin planting for about 1 month, the melon plant of the pumpkin has generally grown to 4 leaves and 1 heart. At this time, the heart should be removed, so that the pumpkin plant can continue to grow.
Ding Man: Generally, in the first half of June, only two very strong vines were kept, and the other vines of the pumpkin plant were destroyed.
3.4 fruit management
Between July and October, the pumpkin is in the fruit setting period, and the watering of the pumpkin fruit is carried out once, and the watering should be poured. Then, in the 3 to 5 leaves before the fruit, the scorpion is taken and the pest treatment and weed treatment are carried out in time. Manually align the pumpkin fruit and try to place it in a relatively flat place.
Disease prevention: In the early flowering stage of pumpkin plants, chlorothalonil is used for spraying to prevent pests and diseases. Then, during the fruit setting period of pumpkins, use Jin Lei to spray to prevent pests and diseases.
In mid-September, when the pumpkin cracks, the pumpkin can be picked. In the process of picking the pumpkin, the cucurbit should be kept for 2~3cm, and the stalk can be dried for 2~3 days. .
4. Corn planting technology
4.1 Variety selection
Choosing a suitable corn variety, Demeiya No.1 is a good corn variety. The accumulated temperature of this variety from emergence to maturity is about 2100 °C, and the height of this mature strain is about 240 cm. At about 80cm, the ear length is about 18~20cm, the number of ear rows is about 14 lines, and the weight of one hundred grains is about 30g. Further, in order to control the anthracnose, seed seed weight is 0.2% of 10% dithiocyanomethane, or seed weight of 0.7% of 50% rust.
4.2 Fertilization
Before the freezing, when the temperature is generally stable below 10 °C, fertilization is carried out. In general, 667m2 fertilization amount of potassium fertilizer 15kg, phosphate diamine 26kg, urea 29kg. The combination of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing is used, and the base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing each occupy 1/3.
4.3 sowing
Sowing date: In order to prevent corn smut, every 100kg of corn seed needs to be coated with 1.5~2.0L 35% Dukefu seed coating. In general, when the temperature of the 5cm plough layer is stable above 12 °C, the corn seed is started to be planted. Normally, it will start in early May and be completed by mid-May. After corn seed is planted, it will be suppressed in time. The seeding density of corn seeds is controlled to be most suitable for 3500~4000 plants/667m2. After the suppression, the sowing depth should be about 3cm, and all the seeding depth should be the same.
Field management: It is necessary to carry out 2~3 times of cultivating management. The first time of cultivating management time is corn seedling 0~1. During the development of the leaves, the main work includes deep pine, grass weeding and sorghum; The management time is 2~3. During the development of the leaf period, the grass-killing work is mainly carried out; the time and task of the third-stage cultivating management are mainly determined according to the growth of the pumpkin seedlings.
5 harvest
About 10 days before the pumpkin harvest, the corn leaves are still cyan, and the leaves are also cyan. The leaves are torn open. The corn kernels inside are mainly pale yellow, and the texture is soft. When you touch it with your nails, moisture will appear. At this time, the corn can be removed and taken to the market for fresh corn sales.
The above is all the technical points of the pumpkin intercropping corn cultivation mode. If you are interested in the interplanting, you can come to Huinong.com to learn more!
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