How to manage the early flowering of cotton fields
1. What is premature flowering of cotton fields
The flowering period refers to the date when the flower buds on the first fruiting branch of 50% cotton plants in the cotton field open. The flowering period of normal growth cotton fields in Hebei Province over the years is generally after July 5th and can sit on July 15th. It is advisable to live 1 to 2 Fuqian peaches. This year, affected by the climate and cultivation environment, the flowering period of some cotton fields has been advanced to before June 30, which is called premature flowering cotton fields.
According to the prediction of the variety test survey in the Science and Technology Park of the Guoxin General Assembly, the flowering period of most varieties was advanced to around June 25, and some entered the flowering period on June 21, which was 10-15 days earlier than the normal flowering period. The growth pattern of 4 varieties was investigated on the 25th. The average single fruit branch was 9.4, and the flowering period was June 23, which was 3.6 more than previous years and 15 days earlier. In the rural services, many cotton fields were also found to bloom prematurely.
2. What is the harm of cotton blooming too early?
One is that the ringing is serious. Cotton fields that bloom prematurely can cause too many Fuqian peaches. As the saying goes, "Flowers see flowers forty-eight" refers to the Fuqian peaches that bear on July 15 (the peaches that bloom before July 5). They will spit out after 48 days after flowering. At this time, Hebei is still at the end of the rainy season. Cotton bolls often rot due to high air humidity and cannot spit normally. Even if they do not rot, they will form dead petals, which will affect the quality and price of cotton. Two are more suitable. 2009 was an earlier year of blooming. The average flowering period was June 30, with 5.4 bolls and 9.6 young bolls per plant. On September 10, the survey averaged 9 rotten bolls per plant, accounting for the total bolls. 34% of the total, resulting in serious production cuts.
The second is the premature aging of cotton. Some premature flowering cotton fields have shown signs of premature senescence, showing that the trees are small, the leaves are small, the top of the fruit branches are not stretched, and the flowers are many buds. There is a tendency that the ridges cannot be sealed, which will cause a serious reduction in production; Normal phenomenon, but due to early blooming, there will be too many peaches in the front of the peach, which will affect the normal setting of the peaches, and cause a lot of buds and bells to fall off in the middle and late stages.
The third is serious disease. Premature flowering of cotton fields due to early development, lagging vegetative growth, weakened disease resistance, and relatively serious diseases.
3. Reasons for premature flowering
The growth and development of cotton is different from other crops. The pure vegetative growth time is shorter, and the vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand for a longer time. Generally, when the fourth fruit branch blooms, the vegetative growth reaches the most vigorous period and the root development reaches* *****The range and leaf area reach the optimal coefficient. The vegetative growth and flowering and bolling can not only develop in harmony, but also lay the foundation for the gradual transformation into reproductive growth such as flowering and bolling. However, due to the influence of climate conditions such as temperature, drought, and cultivation management, the development of cotton is advanced, and the vegetative growth is lagging, which will cause early flowering. This year, due to the high temperature in the early period, combined with the effects of drought and improper cultivation management, some cotton fields bloomed too early.
4. How to manage cotton fields that bloom prematurely
The top priority is to strengthen water and fertilizer management to promote the transformation of premature reproductive growth to vegetative growth in order to achieve coordinated development. After the drought has been relieved, pay close attention to top dressing. In areas where there is no rain, pay close attention to watering and combine watering for top dressing. The top dressing should be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount should be increased appropriately. Generally, 15 kg of urea is appropriate, and a certain amount Applying a large number of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the same time, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can promote root development, and the combined use can also promote absorption.
The second is to go to Zaohua and Zao Bu. The only way to artificially control reproductive growth is to remove early flowers and early buds. After several years of testing, this method has significantly increased production and prevents boll rot. By removing early flowers and early buds, or removing the lower 1 or 2 fruit branches, The flowering period is controlled after July 5th.
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