High-yield cultivation techniques of melons that must be seen by melon farmers
Many melon farmers think that they have been planted for many years, and they are familiar with melon planting management. In fact, the details determine the difference between success and failure. The scientific planting method is based on many experiments, which can make melon more productive during the harvest period. The economic benefits of melon farmers.
First, the selection of melon
The premise of producing high quality and high yield of melon is to choose high quality and excellent varieties. At present, the main planting varieties on the market are Xiluoluo No. 2, Honey Tianxia, ​​Huangzi Jinyu, and White Meteor.
Second, the bed
The seedling bed is constructed by using the greenhouse, the middle shed and the small arch shed to prepare the nutrient soil. The nutrient soil is made up of fertile soil and fermented manure. It requires loose and breathable, no pathogens, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and is rich in organic matter. After the configuration, the nutrient soil is filled into a nutrient bowl having a diameter of 8 to 10 cm. When loading nutritious soil, you only need to pack 70% full and ensure that it is loose. 667 square meters of maps prepare 700 to 800 nutritious meal.
Third, breeding
Breeding includes four stages of sun-breeding, soaking, germination, and sowing. Choosing a sunny day soaking seeds and drying the seeds in the sun for 1 to 2 hours has the effect of killing the germs attached to the seeds, enhancing the vigor of the seeds, and greatly increasing the germination rate. Rinse the dried seeds with water, wash the mucus adhering to the surface of the seeds, and wrap them in a well-ventilated wet gauze. Placed in a 28~30 °C incubator for germination. After 24 hours, the seeds begin to appear white. When 80% of the seeds are white, they can be sown. Seeding should be selected at noon on sunny weather. The nutrient soil should be wetted one day in advance, and one seed should be planted every time. Then cover the cover mud with 0.5~1.0cm with the medicine. After sowing, cover the film with a layer of mulch and cover it. Arch shed, covered with straw or non-woven fabric at night to prevent frost.
Fourth, seedling management
1. Temperature management To ensure early emergence of seedlings from seeding to emergence, the temperature in the seedbed is required to reach 30 °C. Before the emergence of seedlings, insist on closing the shed to increase the temperature, and strive to reach 28~32°C during the day and 22~25°C during the night to promote the seedlings. When the true leaves grow to 7 to 10 days before planting, relatively high temperatures are required to promote the growth of the seedlings. During this period, the room temperature in the seedbed is 25~28°C during the day and 15~18°C during the night.
2, light management The key to cultivating strong seedlings is to keep good light in the melon seedling bed, usually by early exposure and cover at night to increase the light of the seedbed.
3, ventilation management seedbed ventilation can be combined with seedbed temperature management. When the temperature in the seedbed reaches the desired temperature, the film should be uncovered to reduce the bed temperature, that is, to achieve the purpose of ventilation at the same time.
4. Moisture management strictly controls watering after the emergence of the first true leaf after emergence, and the time before the emergence of the third true leaf after the first true leaf appears, with the increase of ventilation and the development of the true leaves of the seedlings, the seedbed The dry humidity of the soil is watered in an appropriate amount.
V. Colonization
The soil was evenly spliced ​​30 days before planting, and the 畦 畦 is generally 2.8 to 3.0 meters wide, 10 to 15 days before planting, and the shed film is 6 to 8 meters wide. About 7 days before planting, the mulch film is laid to increase the ground temperature, and the melon seedling grows to the three-leaf one heart for the appropriate planting period. When planting, multiple layers of cover can be used to regulate the temperature to ensure that the temperature below the surface is 10 °C. At the time of planting, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the nutrient soil and the soil are tightly combined. The kneading surface is 1 cm higher than the kneading surface, and the cultivation density is 600 to 700 plants/667 m2.
6. Melon Daejeon Management
The temperature before slow seedling should be controlled at 30~35°C during the daytime, more than 8 hours per day, 15°C or more at night and generally not ventilated. The flowering period is controlled at 28~30°C during the day and 20°C at night. After the fruit is placed, the prevention of premature aging is caused by excessive temperature, and the ventilation time is appropriately extended at noon. During the day, the temperature in the shed is not more than 30~38°C and the nighttime is 18~20°C.
Seven, harvest mature melon
In the spring, the first fruit ripening period is 35 to 45 days, and the second batch of ripening period is about 35 days. The ripe melon peel has a translucent surface and a smooth surface. It is best to pick the melon in the morning or in the evening, and cut the handle with a pair of vines with scissors to facilitate storage and transportation.
Eight, packaging, storage and transportation
During the packaging, loading and unloading transportation, melon should pay attention to lightly handling and avoiding bruises. If it needs to be temporarily stored, it can be stored in a cool, ventilated and clean place after picking, so as to avoid crushing damage. During storage and transportation, it is strictly forbidden to mix and transport with toxic, odorous, harmful and spread pests and diseases to ensure the quality and safety of melon products.
Scientific melon cultivation methods pay attention to details such as temperature adjustment, planting distance and depth requirements, proper ventilation management and so on. Although it is very troublesome to manage melon cultivation, it is worthwhile to use scientific cultivation methods to promote high yield and income.
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