Balanced fertilizer application

Balanced matching fertilization techniques Balanced matching fertilization refers to the coordinated supply of various nutrients necessary for crops to meet the needs of crop growth and development, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing yield and improving quality, reducing fertilizer waste, and preventing environmental pollution. At present, there are deficiencies in crop fertilization such as simplistic varieties, unreasonable quantities, and obsolete methods, which have resulted in the growth of crops, the increase of pests and diseases, the weakening of stress resistance, and the reduction in the benefits of fertilizer production. Balanced supporting fertilization is one of the new technologies for soil fertility promoted by the agriculture department of our province. It plays an important role in changing the traditional fertilization habits and fertilization deficiencies in our province. The results of popularization and application in various regions indicate that the application of balanced and matched fertilization technology can increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer by 5-10%, and increase the yield by about 8-10%. The balanced and matched fertilization techniques mainly include a set of scientific fertilization techniques such as soil testing, fertilizer field tests, fertilization recommendation, fertilizer preparation, and fertilization methods. Farmers' friends mainly grasp soil sample collection and fertilization methods. First, the sampling of soil samples must first define the sampling area. Take a mixed soil sample in each sampling area. The size of the sampling area depends on the specific situation. The production area is generally 10-20 acres as a sampling area; The distribution of sampling points and sampling points should be as equal, uniform and random as possible. In the sampling area, 5-10 sampling points of soil samples are randomly taken along the zigzag or serpentine lines. Special sites such as dunghills, houses, grounds, trenches, or places where the soil has been turned upside down; the last is sampling, after sampling is confirmed, soil samples are taken with an earth drill or spade. And the sampling volume should be uniform, the proportion of the upper and lower soil samples should be the same, the sampler should be perpendicular to the ground, and the soil should be buried to the required depth. It is advisable to use a mixed soil sample of about 1 kilogram and dispose of the excess soil by quartering. The method is to smash, mix and square the collected soil samples on thick paper, plastic cloth or wooden board, divide the soil sample into four parts diagonally, and merge two copies of the diagonal one respectively. Keep one copy and discard one. After loading soil samples into soil bags, write a label, specify the sampling area, sampling depth, date, name of the sampler, village and place name, etc., and send it to the soil fertilizer laboratory for analysis to analyze soil nutrient status. Second, fertilization guidance technology crops throughout the growing period can be divided into several stages, different fertility stages of soil and nutrient conditions have different requirements. Therefore, the fertilization method also differs. Generally, crops with longer growing seasons and poor soil fertility should be combined with basal fertilization and top dressing, and the time and frequency of topdressing should be based on the requirements of the crop growth period. The characteristics of soil fertility may vary. For crops with a short growing period, basal fertilizer should be reused and supplemented with early fertilization. The determination of fertilization methods must be based on a clear understanding of the nutritional characteristics of crops and the local soil, climate and cultivation techniques and other conditions, sum up a reasonable way of fertilization, and gradually form a reasonable fertilization system under certain conditions. 1, base fertilizer. Organic fertilizers, such as manure, compost, or green manure, are usually applied in a basic manner, and the amount of basal fertilizer is generally larger. The application of basal fertilizer should be combined with deep ploughing and the fertilizer should be placed in a moist soil layer so that the soil and fertilizer can be combined. On shallow, nutrient-bearing plots, apply appropriate measures. When using multiple fertilizers, pay attention to the use of fertilizers. 2, top dressing. Fertilizers used as topdressing fertilizers are generally quick-acting fertilizers or well-established organic fertilizers, nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea and ammonium bicarbonate, and phosphate fertilizers such as superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, and the like. Phosphorus and potash fertilizers are generally applied near the dense layer of roots, and they must be deeply buried. 3, outside the top dressing. The top dressing fertilizer is a kind of auxiliary fertilizer measure with less fertilizer and quick effect. However, the application of external fertilizers to the outside environment is more stringent, generally in cloudy or sunny days, early morning and evening spray better. The amount of fertilized roots must be applied strictly in accordance with the instructions for use of the fertilizer. 4, fertilization period. The determination of the fertilization period should be based on the principle of increasing the benefits of fertilizer production. Each crop has a critical period for fertilization, such as the critical period of nutrients and the maximum efficiency of fertilizer. When the soil nutrients are released quickly and the fertilizer supply is sufficient, the fertilization time should be appropriately delayed; otherwise, the fertilization time should be advanced. In the absence of fertilizers, fertilizers should be concentrated on the maximum efficiency of crop nutrients. In the case of thin soil, insufficient base fertilizer, and thin crop growth, the fertilization period should be appropriately advanced. In the case of good soil fertility, normal seedling growth, and adequate fertilizer, staged fertilization should be applied with a focus on the method of applying the maximum efficiency period. Source: Jiangxi Agricultural Information Network

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