Various factors affecting the emulsification/homogenization effect in actual experiments

1 various factors affecting emulsification, the emulsion prepared machinery emulsification equipment is mainly emulsifying machine, which is an oil, the two phases mixed aqueous emulsification equipment, the type emulsifying machine there are three: emulsifying mixer, colloid Grinding and homogenizer. The type, structure, and performance of the emulsifier have a great relationship with the size (dispersibility) of the emulsion particles and the quality (stability) of the emulsion. Generally, as the agitating emulsifier widely used in cosmetics factories, the obtained emulsion has poor dispersibility. The particles are large and rough, the stability is also poor, and they are more likely to cause pollution. However, its manufacture is simple and the price is cheap. As long as you pay attention to the reasonable structure of the machine and use it properly, it is also a popular cosmetics that can produce general composite quality requirements. Colloid mills and homogenizers are better emulsification equipment. In recent years, there has been a great progress in emulsification machinery, such as a vacuum emulsifier which produces an emulsion excellent in dispersibility and stability. Griffin has conducted experimental research on the relationship between particle size distribution of different types of emulsifiers and emulsions. The results are shown in the following table. Emulsification equipment and particle size distribution relationship Emulsifier type Particle size range (micron) 1% emulsifier 5% emulsifier 10% emulsifier propulsion stirring turbine agitator Colloid mill homogenizer does not emulsify 2-96-91-3 3-82-44-71-3 2-52-43-51-3
2, the temperature of emulsification temperature has a great influence on the quality of emulsion, but the temperature is not strictly limited, should the oil, are all liquid water, at room temperature can be reached by emulsified by stirring. Generally, the emulsification temperature depends on the melting point of the high melting point substance contained in the two phases, and factors such as the type of the emulsifier and the solubility of the oil phase and the aqueous phase are also considered. In addition, the temperature of the two phases should be kept nearly the same, especially when emulsification is carried out on waxes and fat oil phase components containing a higher melting point (above 70 ° C), the low temperature aqueous phase cannot be added to prevent waxing, Lipid crystals precipitate, resulting in a massive or coarse uneven emulsion. Generally, in the emulsification, the temperature of both the oil and water can be controlled between 75 ° C and 85 ° C. If the oil phase has a high melting point wax, the emulsification temperature is higher. In addition, if the viscosity increases greatly during the emulsification process, so-called too thick and affects the agitation, some emulsification temperatures can be appropriately increased. If the emulsifier used has a certain phase inversion temperature, the emulsification temperature is also selected at about the phase inversion temperature. The emulsification temperature sometimes has an effect on the size of the emulsion particles. For example, when the emulsification temperature is controlled at 80 ° C by using a fatty acid soap anionic emulsifier, the emulsion particle size is about 1.8-2.0 μm, and if emulsified at 60 ° C, the particle size is about 6 μm. When emulsified with a nonionic emulsifier, the emulsification temperature has a weak influence on the particle size.
3, the emulsification time emulsification time obviously has an effect on the quality of the emulsion, and the emulsification time is determined according to the volume ratio of the oil phase aqueous phase, the viscosity of the two phases and the viscosity of the emulsion formed, the type and amount of the emulsifier, There is also the emulsification temperature, but the emulsification time is to make the system fully emulsified, which is closely related to the efficiency of the emulsification equipment. The emulsification time can be determined according to experience and experiment. If emulsification is carried out with a homogenizer (3000 rpm), it only takes 3-10 minutes.
4, the stirring speed has a great influence on the emulsifying equipment emulsion, one of which is on the stirring speed emulsification. The moderate agitation speed is to make the oil phase and the water phase sufficiently mixed, and the stirring speed is too low, obviously failing to achieve the purpose of thorough mixing, but the stirring speed is too high, the bubbles are brought into the system, and the three-phase system is obtained. The emulsion is unstable. Therefore, the entry of air must be avoided during the agitation, and the vacuum emulsifier has superior performance.

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