Treatment of melanoma is expected to find an ideal anti-cancer target

September 14, 2018 Source: Chongqing Evening News

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A new study published by the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel on the 12th shows that a highly personalized method can greatly enhance the ability of immune cells to recognize and kill melanoma cells, and significantly improve the cure of melanoma patients with immunotherapy. rate.

At present, immunotherapy mainly includes two kinds, one is to inject an antibody to activate immune T cells in a patient to recognize and kill cancer cells; the other is to culture these T cells in vitro, and then re-inject into the patient for treatment. The premise of immunotherapy is that T cells can recognize markers that label cancer cells as foreign heterogeneity, otherwise they will not function.

According to the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, many research teams around the world are working hard to find cancer markers, which are nascent antigens on the cell membrane of cancer cells. However, the discovery of these nascent antigens in melanoma is extremely difficult because they exist in a protein complex called human leukocyte antigen (HLA), which has thousands of versions. The researchers have developed a new method to isolate nascent antigens from melanoma-associated protein complexes and study their interaction with T cells. The study found that almost all newborn antigens have unique characteristics that are unique to cancer patients and specific cancerous tissues.

Researcher Yadna Seymours said that this uniqueness makes these nascent antigens an ideal anti-cancer target, and based on this, it is expected to create highly personalized melanoma treatments for patients.

The researchers conducted experiments in laboratory culture dishes and mice and found that neonatal antigen-specific T cells killed more than 90% of melanoma target cells.

At present, the cure rate of immunotherapy for some melanoma patients is about 50%. Researchers believe that the new method is expected to further improve the cure rate. The results of the study were published in the new issue of the American Journal of Cancer Discovery. (According to Xinhua News Agency)

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