Shrimp farming into the error zone

Although shrimp culture has been developed for more than 20 years, it has also been understood by many farmers and fisheries. However, there are still some misunderstandings in the concept of some people. The main aspects are as follows: 1. High-salinity well water does not contain potassium chloride. High-salinity well water and seepage water exchange with freshwater prawn have been successful, but some high-salinity well water indicators of potassium ion is very small, potassium deficiency in aquaculture water, shrimp breeding period is not easy to metamorphosis, shrimp growth during the cultivation process is slow, not shelling . When extracting high-salinity well water, it is necessary to pass water quality tests and add appropriate amount of potassium chloride. Second, the water seepage can not be sterilized with water seepage prawn without sterilization can only be deceived. Practice has proved that the water seepage shrimp ponds have different degrees of disease. The reason is that people have neglected the polluted waters where the water quality has been contaminated, such as coasts, rivers, reservoirs, and lakes. In particular, the shrimp ponds are of heavy soil and clay. The aggregate structure has voids, and polluted water is pressed into the pool through pores. Due to coarse filtration, the water quality in the pool is still water with bacteria and viruses. It is advisable to sterilize ponds that have penetrated with water and raise shrimps, so as to ensure the safety of shrimp culture. Third, multi-fry shrimp production on high shrimp breeding practice for many years, regardless of intensive or extensive breeding, high density seedlings, shrimp individuals small, slow growth, early onset, low yield. The density of shrimp seedlings is related to many factors such as the condition of the pond, depth of water storage, feed, and management. To ensure that the safety factor of shrimp is high and the survival rate is high, it is recommended that the density of seedlings must be determined according to the depth of storage and the bioburden capacity of shrimp ponds, with a water depth of 1.0 to 1.7 meters, and Penaeus ostreatus having 0.8 to 1.0 million seedlings. At the tail/mu, the South American white shrimp is planted with 1 to 12,000 tails/mu, the water depth is 1.4 to 1.8 meters, the giant penaeid shrimp is 11,000 to 13,000 tail/mu, and the white prawns are 13,000. 15,000 tails/mu, with seedlings of size, 1.0 cm to 1.2 cm for Penaeus monodon and 0.8 cm to 1.2 cm for Penaeus vannamei. Fourth, less feeding can also be long shrimp, shrimp farmers currently have their seeds within one month do not vote bait, even to the medium term, rarely feeding, resulting in shrimp malnutrition, slow growth, individual differences, shrimp body thin, The meat is not strong and its body color is poor, which affects the shrimp's resistance to disease. A comparative trial of cultured Penaeus vannamei: the test plot covers an area of ​​three acres, and 20,000 shrimps are placed on a mu, and the “Enbei” brand bait is fed. The young fish is fed on the second day and the bait is fed for 70 days. The average body length is 12 Centimeters, size 23 heads / kg, contrasting pond 8.0 acres, acres of seedlings 20,000, put a month after the shrimp seedlings do not feed, farming 70 days, prawn body length 9.0 cm, size 60 head / kg, test pool and The contrast pool is very different. It can be seen from the above that the view that the previous period of not feeding or feeding less can also be used to grow shrimp is wrong. Fifth, water quality regulation and non-adjustment A sample of shrimp is harvested in the water, meaning that raising shrimp first to raise water, the key to raising water is artificial regulation, how to maintain a pool of water is the key to raising shrimp. To this day, some farmers still adopt large-scale water-replacement methods and mistakenly believe that the water quality is fresh and there is sufficient dissolved oxygen. Although adequate dissolved oxygen, but this will cause stress response to shrimp, affect the growth and even the incidence of shrimp. It is suggested to create a relatively stable water environment for shrimp during the aquaculture process. During the summer high temperature period, the water level should be gradually increased. Each time, add 5 to 10 centimeters of water until the water depth reaches 1.5 meters. Add water to 1.8 meters at the end of the culture, and according to the water color and transparency Specific conditions timely dressing, changing the water, regular spills of disinfectant drugs, regular spilled lime 15 kg to 20 kg / acre, can play a role in sterilization, calcium, water purification and pH adjustment, and promote the growth of shrimp molting. Sixth, disease prevention and prevention of disease A lot of shrimp farmers have reported that one species of shrimp medication and no medicine, shrimp sooner or later to disease, medication will only increase the cost. Indeed, the prevention and control of shrimp disease is mainly based on prevention and comprehensive control. Once an outbreak of shrimp disease occurs, drugs do not have much effect on it, but it is necessary to carry out necessary prevention, which can reduce the incidence of disease and delay it. Onset time, so that shrimp farming to achieve the desired economic benefits. For example, white penaeid shrimp in the coastal areas of the Bohai Sea can be released in early May and harvested in early July. The body length of the prawn can reach 11 cm and it can be discharged. At this time, the harvesting period is still lower than the high temperature period, and the cultivation process is successfully completed. Disease prevention is a systematic project. It is necessary to start from every production process and to deduct it. It is recommended to focus on pool water disinfection and bait and food mixing, and avoid the consequences of labor-saving and loss-making efforts. Seventh, the use of photosynthetic bacteria without a shrimp pond water quality changes are usually caused by geological changes, changing the water can only improve the pool water, but can not change the bottom of the pool and eliminate the root causes of harmful substances. At present, shrimp ponds are mostly closed ponds of earthen ponds, and the residual organic matter, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide in the sludge and sediments at the bottom of the pool are enriched, and the underlying dissolved oxygen is reduced. When there are many organic pollutants, the dissolved oxygen is lower. . It is suggested that closed-type shrimp farmers in earthen ponds should use biological agents such as photosynthetic bacteria to degrade the harmful substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide at the bottom of the pool in the case of basically not changing the water, so as to increase the economic benefits of breeding.

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