Rice dry seed technology

Dry rice is a direct seeding method in dryland conditions, long-term drought in seedling stage, and use of rainwater and appropriate irrigation in the middle and late stages. The Ministry of Agriculture listed this technology as one of the 50 technologies to promote the “10th Five-Year Plan”. Therefore, dry rice is of great significance.

1. Technical characteristics Rice dry seed is a rice planting method in which the dry field is planted with seedlings and maintained for a period of time with long drought and no irrigation, and irrigation is carried out according to the situation in the middle and late stages. The advantage is to change the water to the whole land for no-tillage or no-tillage, saving a lot of water for ploughing and land preparation; transplanting and transplanting the sorghum for dry land, simplifying the field operation process; changing the rice in the paddy field to plant rice in the dry land; Layer management, the water utilization rate is significantly improved.

2. Variety selection The selection of rice dry varieties is the key to success or failure. The dry varieties require strong top soil strength, drought tolerance, and rapid growth after irrigation. Generally, drought-tolerant varieties, such as Tielu No. 5 of Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences, are ideal, with thick leaves, developed roots, strong drought tolerance, moderate growth period, good yield, good rice quality and suitable For dry farming.

3. Preservation of Miao Miaoquan, Miaoqi, and Miaozhuang is the high-yield basis for dryland rice. Adopting dry land preparation, the land is leveled, the soil particles are fine and uniform, the bottom is full, and there is no waste. Rice dryland has certain requirements on soil moisture, and the suitable tillage water is 40%-50% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field, which is conducive to emergence. The dry seedlings of rice are often dead, mainly due to soil salinity, soil thinning, and drought. The prevention measures are not to use heavy saline and alkali soil, so as to avoid returning alkali dead seedlings, adding organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer before land preparation, and ploughing into the soil to deepen the roots of rice and improve drought resistance.

4. The sensitivity of the field management of rice in different growth stages is different. It is necessary to timely pour the whole seedling water, tiller water, booting water and grouting water. The whole seedling water generally adopts the method of sowing and pouring the head water according to the soil type, which can ensure the water requirement of the dry seeding rice emergence, and achieve a seeding preservation seedling. The water is divided into water, and the water is irrigated when the leaf age reaches 5-6 pieces, which promotes low-node tillering. Booting water, the rice enters the booting stage, is most sensitive to water, water shortage will seriously affect the formation of spikelets, pollination and fertilization and spikelet uniformity. Practice has proved that no irrigation is 10 days longer than irrigation, and the yield is reduced by about 60%. Grouting water, lack of water during the filling period, can lead to a decrease in seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. During this period, irrigation is beneficial to increase the seed setting rate, increase the grain and weight, increase the root activity of the rice, extend the functional period of the leaf, and prevent lodging.

To prevent pests and diseases, rice dryland must first be protected from underground pests, mainly by using phorate to form toxic soil before planting. In July and August, it is necessary to spray 1-2 times of Futu No. 1 to prevent rice blast from occurring, avoiding pests and diseases. Caused a reduction in production.

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