Rational use of enzyme preparations
An enzyme is a proteinaceous catalyst produced by living cells that has the ability to biocatalytically react. The basic functions of the enzyme are summarized as improving the feed utilization rate, improving the production performance of livestock and poultry, decomposing anti-nutritional factors in feed, and reducing the environmental pollution of livestock production. At present, there are dozens of enzyme preparations on the market. The proper selection and rational use of enzyme preparations should follow the following principles. First, different digestive enzyme preparations are used depending on the type and age of animals. Insufficient secretion of endogenous digestive enzymes occurs during special growth and development stages and unfavorable feeding and management conditions of livestock and poultry, such as impaired development of digestive enzymes in young animals, decreased ability of digestive enzymes in older animals, and stress or Digestive enzyme secretion disorder after animal infection. The use of appropriate digestive enzyme preparations can compensate for the deficiency of endogenous digestive enzymes in livestock and poultry, thereby improving their production performance and feed utilization efficiency. The amount of pancreatic digestive enzymes secreted by broilers and egg chicks is similar, but the feed intake of broilers is much larger than that of the egg chicks. At the same digestive enzyme level, the broilers have to deal with more eateries. Therefore, supplementing exogenous digestive enzymes in their diets is particularly important, and the effects of feeding are also significant. Temperature and pH are two major environmental factors affecting the effect of enzymes. Each enzyme has its own optimum (having maximum activity), and even maintains the stability of its structure and properties of the ambient temperature and pH. Studies have shown that the addition of exogenous digestive enzymes in pig and poultry diets has a certain role in promoting the secretion of endogenous digestive enzymes. Second, choose enzyme preparations for the type of diet (target substrate). Because of the specificity of the substrate acting by the enzyme, the enzyme preparation must exert excellent effects and the characteristics of the feed material must be taken into account in the application. The composition and chemical structure of different feed ingredients have their specificity. For example, the main non-starch polysaccharides in wheat and rye are arabinoxylans, and the main non-starch polysaccharides in barley and oats are not only arabinoxylan but also Beta-glucan, the main non-starch polysaccharide in legume seeds, is pectin. It can be seen that xylanase should be used for enzyme preparations for wheat-soybean meal diets and beta-glucanases, pectinases, xylanases for enzyme preparations for barley-soybean meal diets. Cellulase. Third, determine the appropriate amount of enzyme preparation based on the content of the target substrate. If the content of the substrate in the diet is too low, the enzyme preparation will not produce a significant improvement effect; if the content of the substrate in the diet is too high, the amount of the enzyme preparation or the enzyme activity is insufficient, the enzyme preparation can The amount of degraded substrate is limited and the improvement is not good. This requires that there should be an appropriate ratio between the amount of substrate and the amount of enzyme preparation, and the amount of enzyme preparation to be added should be determined according to the content of the target substrate. Fourth, optimize the diet formula according to the nutritional improvement value of the enzyme preparation. There are two ways to use the enzyme preparation. One is to add it directly to the diet. This method is simple and easy, although it can improve the production performance of livestock and poultry, but it will increase the cost of feed. Second, according to the degree of enzyme preparations to improve livestock production performance and improve feed utilization, properly reduce the nutritional level of the diet or use inexpensive feed ingredients to prepare diets, which can be achieved in the case of ensuring that the animal production performance does not decrease. Feed costs. The degree of perfection achievable by the second method of use depends on the level of knowledge of the technicians on the technical parameters of the enzyme preparation and feed ingredients. If the enzyme supplier can propose the amount of feed nutrient digestibility that can be improved by an enzyme preparation on the basis of full scientific experiments, the nutrient value of the feed can be adjusted by applying these nutritional improvement values ​​when formulating the formula and then proceeding. With the calculation, you can achieve a high degree of accuracy, thus realizing the real optimization of the recipe.
Shaanxi Kang New Pharmaceutical co., Ltd. , https://www.kangnewpharmas.com