Nursing chicken management nine questions
Q: What preparations do I need to make before my childbirth? A: 1 chicken house and equipment: Before the group is transferred to the broiler house preparation, such as the maintenance of the chicken house, brushing, disinfection, etc., to prepare a sufficient trough and sink. 2 Elimination of Weak Chickens: In the process of transfer, select healthy, disease-free, well-balanced chickens whose appearance meets the requirements of this breed and transfer them to breeding broiler houses to eliminate sick chickens, residual chickens and chickens whose appearance does not meet the requirements of this breed. Q: What do you need to pay attention to? Answer: After cage breeding or net brooding chicks enter the breeding period, some need to be caged and replaced with ground level raising in order to strengthen the exercise; some need to be transferred into broiler cages for better management. This change makes young chickens less used, and fears of performance after being transferred. It is easy to cause crowdedness. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a good environment and pay attention to the observation of chickens at any time, especially at night to strengthen on-duty and prevent accidents. Q: What are the requirements for rearing density during the breeding period? Answer: For broiler chickens, whether they are raised in flat or in cages, they should maintain appropriate breeding density so as to ensure that chickens develop evenly. If the rearing density is too large, air pollution will be caused in the house, the mortality rate of the flock will increase, the body weight uniformity of the individual will be poor, there will be more residual chickens, and the number of qualified chickens will decrease, affecting the breeding program. In addition, group breeding chickens need to be divided into groups to prevent the group too large inconvenience management, each group should not exceed 500. Q: How to effectively control sexual maturity? Answer: There are two main methods for controlling the sexual maturity of bred chickens. One is to limit the feeding; the other is to control the light, especially after 10 days of age, the influence of light on sexual maturity of broiler chicken becomes more and more obvious. During the rearing period, under the same husbandry and management conditions, the same breed of chickens had various degrees of light effects on sexual maturation as follows: gradual reduction method> natural light> incremental method. According to the experiment, the light gradually decreased from 22 hours per day during the start of eating to 18 weeks per day, 6 hours per day, and the chicken was born at 169 days; from the beginning to the beginning of the laying, the light was kept constant for 6 hours per day, and the age at opening was 158 Days, if constant 22 hours, the opening date of production is 151 days; the light gradually increased from 6 hours a day to 18 hours a day, 22 hours a day, and the chicken was only 139 days old. The key to controlling the sexual maturation of bred chickens is to combine limited feeding with lighting management, and only emphasize that certain aspects will not achieve very good results. According to the restrictions on feeding and management, the weight of chickens meets the standards, but the age of production is delayed because of lack of light time; if the weight is light, if the time of light is increased and nutrition and feeding of feed are neglected, the standard weight cannot be achieved. As a result, the weight of eggs laid is small and the peak period of egg production is delayed. Q: How can the material and sink be considered reasonable? Answer: The position of the chute during the breeding period is 8 centimeters for each chicken. The position of the sink is half of the chute. The chute and the trough should be evenly distributed within the house. The distance between them should not exceed 3 meters. Its height should be constantly adjusted so that it is basically the same height as the chicken back. Q: What is the role of ventilation? Answer: The purpose of ventilation is to maintain the fresh air in the house, provide the required oxygen to the broiler chickens, eliminate carbon dioxide, ammonia and other polluted gases in the house; second, reduce the air temperature in the house; third, eliminate excess in the house. Moisture, reduce indoor humidity. Open henhouses should pay attention to open doors and windows for ventilation, and closed broilers should be provided with mechanical ventilation. Q: Is it necessary to add gravel? Answer: In order to improve gastrointestinal digestive function and feed utilization of broilers, it is necessary to add grit during the breeding period. The diameter of grit should be 2 to 3 mm. Adding the feeding method can feed the gravel into the feed, and can also feed it in the sand tank alone. The gravel requires cleanliness and hygiene. It is best to rinse with clean water and then disinfect it with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. Q: How to keep a good record of breeding? Answer: There must be records in the brooding and breeding stages, which is also an important part of the flock management. Doing a serious and comprehensive record will allow managers to keep abreast of the condition of the flock and provide a basis for the decision to be taken. The main contents of the record should include: 1 breed of chicks (lines), source and number of chicks. 2 Weekly, daily feed consumption. 3 Weekly weight gain. 4 The number of deaths and deaths of chickens in daily or at certain stages. 5 Only a few chickens were culled daily and weekly. 6 Daily temperature and humidity changes at various times. 7 Vaccination, including date of vaccination, vaccine manufacturer and lot number, type of vaccine, method of inoculation, age of inoculated chicken, and name of inoculated person. 8 Daily and weekly drug use statistics, including the drug used, date of administration, age of the bird, method of administration, diagnosis of disease, and response to treatment. 9 The daily consumption of articles and waste disposal methods. 10 other matters that need to be recorded. Q: How to analyze the record of breeding? Answer: 1 Analyze the growth and mortality of chickens during the breeding period and calculate the daily or weekly growth rate of chickens and the breeding rate. 2 Analyze feed utilization during the breeding period and calculate feed utilization. 3 Analyze the occurrence of infectious diseases or other diseases and summarize the effect of prevention and medication. 4 Calculate costs, including brooding period costs and growing period costs. Such as the price of chickens, number of chicks ingested, feed price and consumption in each period, use of vaccines and medicines and used money, salaries of personnel, expenses of consumables, depreciation of equipment and houses, payment of interest on loans, utilities and other expenses for chicken production Expenditure and so on.
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