July: Cotton Farmers Do These Things Well
The cotton boll period refers to the period from the flowering stage to the boll opening stage, that is, the period from the beginning of July to the end of August is the crucial period for determining cotton production. According to the climate characteristics of this year, the following key measures should be focused on:
1. The re-application of flower and bell fertilizers and the compensatory application of top-fertilizer is the period when the cotton needs the most fertilizer. If the fertilizer is insufficient, it will not only affect the ringing but also cause premature decline. The number, timing, and method of use of flower bell fertilizer depend on climate, soil, and cotton growth. For high-yielding, rain-rich, cotton-growing, high-yielding, high-yielding cotton fields that satisfies the need for flowering and tying bells when sitting on 1-2 bells in the lower part of the cotton flowering period, the cotton plants will not grow; the soil fertility will be normal and cotton seedlings Poor growth and poor drought and drought can be appropriately applied early; thin and thin seedlings with weak planting density can be applied early to the early flowering stage to prevent premature fertility caused by late fertilization or late maturation. Fertilizing amount: in the north, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main mu, 15-20 kg of urea is applied for about 60% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer; while in the south, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is also topdressing with phosphorus and potassium, which account for 50%, 30%, and 26% of the fertilizer respectively. % General mu application of urea 15 kg ternary compound fertilizer 20 kg of potassium chloride 15 kg. Note that it is best to spend 10cm or less on the flowers and bells.
The roof fertilizer has the effect of preventing premature aging, preventing falling off, adding more bells, and increasing the weight of the bell. The top dressing must be applied according to the soil strength and the growth of cotton plants. For the late-maturity cotton, saline-alkali land and clay land with strong stamina and strong growth, the top-fertilizer should be applied with little or no top-fertilizer in order to prevent late-maturing glutinous greens; the cotton field where the cotton plants grow weakly in sandy land and cotton plants have a tendency of premature aging Apply early, cover more top dressing. The top cover fertilizer is generally 3-5 kg ​​of urea in the north of Mushi and applied in the early July and early August.
The absorption capacity of cotton roots gradually weakens in the middle and later stages, and premature aging is often caused by inadequate supply of nutrients in the later period. Foliar spray fertilizer can make nutrients be effectively supplemented to improve the rate of ringing and increase boll weight to prevent premature aging. Cotton field with signs of premature aging can be sprayed with 1-2% urea solution; general cotton fields and prosperous areas can be sprayed with 2-3% of superphosphate or 300-500 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate. Solution. It is usually sprayed 2-3 times in mid-August-September.
2. Watering and Drainage The flowering and bolling period is the period when the cotton needs the most water. The northern cotton area is now in the rainy season but often suffers from drought and fall. Therefore, it is necessary to seize the harvest of cotton and need drought resistance and drainage to reduce the water holding capacity to 70. The growth rate of the following cotton plants is slow. The red stem rises quickly. The leaf color is dark green. The top leaves of the cotton plant at midday are slightly wilting and sagging. It indicates that water shortage should be watered in time. Watering should not be too large to prevent pouring after raining. occur.
3, improve the method of pruning cotton fields There are a variety of pruning methods of cotton, whichever method can be used as long as they can be used to achieve high yield, improve the key to the scientific application of local conditions.
In the flowering and bolling period, the pruning process has more time to wipe out the buds, hitting the old leaves and hitting the tip of the group to do it in a timely manner. Its main improvement measures: To avoid premature leaves should generally be in the bud stage, the old leaves should be mainly to the lower part of the old leaves and yellow leaves in the upper part of the large leaf can not go this way to increase the leaf area to enhance the light and role. The time for the topping is to be adapted to the local conditions. Generally, the north of July 20 but the high-yielding cotton fields with strong growth, low density and sufficient fertility can be postponed to July 25. Simplify the topping time of pruning cultivation should be divided into three times when the dominant leaves grow three secondary fruit branches when hitting the top of the leaves; playing the main stem of the time should be properly ahead of the traditional pruning.
Pruning-free cultivation of the top not later than July 15 the main stem of the top, the top of the leaves should be played once, playing thoroughly.
For blossoming premature cotton field, we can go to early flower to remove the flower or early morning bell before July 5 to remove the effect of rotten bell.
4. The cultivating soil of arable crops is in the high-temperature and rainy season. High-temperature and rainy seasons are often affected by the high temperature and rainfall. Due to the high soil moisture content, the ability of the air to absorb the water and fertilizers is impeded, and a large number of budding bells fall off. Loose soil, but due to the weakening of the root system regeneration ability during the flowering period, the cultivator should be shallow and should not be deep.
5. Chemical control of high-yielding fields in the period of flowering and budding stage is based on the control of the bud stage. According to the growing situation of the cotton, the second and third chemical control should be carried out at this time. Due to the high temperature and humidity, the cotton plants grow vigorously. The climate and the growth of the cotton fields are generally between 10 and 15 days, with 1-3 grams of shrinkage (or 4-12 milliliters of auxiliaries) and the top of the sprayed cotton plant and the top of the fruit branches. The last time the control should be in the 7-10 days after the top of the top fruit branches grow 3 fruit sections when the time when the leaves have been used to increase the amount of general reduction with 3-5 grams.
6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases The main diseases and pests during the flowering and bolling period include blind stink bugs, fleas, cotton bollworms, thrips verticillium wilt, wilt disease, red leaf blight, and bell disease.
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