Guizhou Chinese cabbage cultivation technology

I. Variety selection of Chinese cabbage

It is the "king of one hundred vegetables". It pays attention to the research of cabbage planting technology, can increase the yield of cabbage, meet the supply and demand of cabbage market, and promote the development of rural agricultural planting technology in a specialized direction. Explore the selection of varieties, sowing methods, water supply and fertilization, pest control, etc. to improve the yield of rural crops.

Guizhou area is a typical karst landform area with obvious three-dimensional climate. Cabbage cultivation is one of the main varieties of vegetable cultivation in Guizhou. The selection of Chinese cabbage varieties should be based on the local geographic climate of Guizhou. The drought resistance is relatively strong, the survival rate is high, the growing period is short, and the Chinese cabbage varieties of good quality are planted. . For example: Qianbai No. 5 is a hybrid variety. It is mainly a cabbage variety that has been studied based on the natural environment of Guizhou. It has the characteristics of excellent quality, strong cold resistance, and strong disease resistance. Therefore, paying attention to the selection of Chinese cabbage planting varieties is a basic prerequisite for promoting Chinese cabbage planting techniques.

2. Seeding and Colonization of Chinese Cabbage

The sowing time of Chinese cabbage in Anshun City, Guizhou Province is usually between the beginning of autumn and autumnal equinox. According to the climatic characteristics of Guizhou, the sowing methods of Chinese cabbage are mainly divided into two forms: seedling raising and direct seeding. The requirements for seedling raising in the early stage of Chinese cabbage cultivation are high. It is required that not only the fertility of the soil be maintained in the seedling soil, but also the water conservation in the seedling area. During the seedling transplanting process, attention should be paid to the seedling growth of the cabbage during the slow seedling stage. Considering many issues such as nutritional composition and water retention, the requirements for cabbage cultivation are high; direct seeding of cabbage directly, avoiding the seedling process, reducing human labor, and improving agricultural production efficiency.

The method of raising seedlings can be transplanted and planted in accordance with the proper row spacing. Most of the planting is transplantation with soil. Usually, water is poured before transplanting, the soil is cut into pieces with a suitable tool shovel, divided according to the size of each plant, and then transplanted. For live fields, just replant the vacant places and move nearby. The planting or replanting should be carried out in the evening on a sunny day. After planting, the roots should be irrigated with water. Usually, the plants need to be planted at the same time as the seedlings. The planting should be flat or slightly higher than the level. After planting, the seedlings should be watered in time, and once in the morning and evening in 3d. If conditions permit, usually take shade measures, especially for replanting. For the death of planting seedlings, timely replace the new plants, strengthen management, and try to maintain Seedlings are consistent.

3. Hydration and fertilization of Chinese cabbage

During the planting process of Chinese cabbage, sufficient nutrients should be provided according to the growth needs of Chinese cabbage to ensure the nutritional needs of Chinese cabbage during its growth. After the cabbage is implanted into the field, because of its shallow root system, the requirements for fertilizer and water are also very high. Generally, the field must be dry and wet to ensure the water demand of the cabbage. The field with sufficient fertilizer can basically meet the previous needs. Fertilizer and water in the rosette stage of Chinese cabbage is particularly important. The rosette stage refers to the period from the cluster to the center of the coil, until the center leaf of the leaf plexus appears to cling and grow. It usually starts from 8-10 leaves until the heart leaves begin to curl. It usually lasts for about 22 days. For the plots with sufficient base fertilizer, usually 300kg / hm2 of urea is applied, watering is needed in time, and squatting seedlings for the flourishing plots in the later stage. On the one hand, it is important to maintain the water supply in the cultivation of cabbage. Although the selection of Chinese cabbage varieties is based on the geographical characteristics to select the varieties with strong drought resistance to adapt to the local climate characteristics, the Chinese cabbage should also be properly irrigated. The Chinese cabbage has a shallow root system deep in the soil and absorbs less groundwater resources. Manual irrigation in time can ensure sufficient water in the roots of Chinese cabbage, sufficient water in the root and lotus of Chinese cabbage, and promote the rapid growth of Chinese cabbage. On the other hand, we should pay attention to fertilizing Chinese cabbage in a timely manner, such as: green and environmentally friendly farm manure or using chemical fertilizers such as methamium salt to provide sufficient nutritional requirements for Chinese cabbage growth. Promote the vigorous growth of Chinese cabbage root seedlings, increase the survival rate of Chinese cabbage, and increase the vegetable output in the new countryside.

Fourth, the pest control of Chinese cabbage

The timely control of plant diseases and insect pests in the cultivation of Chinese cabbage is also an important part of the Chinese cabbage planting technology. Farmers regularly inspect the cultivated Chinese cabbage and timely detect abnormal phenomena in the growth of Chinese cabbage. For example, white spots on cabbage leaves, yellowing around cabbage leaves, and rotting of cabbage roots, etc. Actively implement an appropriate proportion of pesticides on cabbage to treat cabbage diseases and insect pests, to ensure the smooth growth of Chinese cabbage, and to prevent cabbage from growing during the growth process The plant diseases and insect pests caused by cabbage planting in time will have a large impact on the planting of cabbage and affect the market price of cabbage. The plots planted earlier will be relatively severe, especially soft rot. Under high temperature and humidity conditions, it is easy to breed and spread, and it is extremely harmful. Once found, it should be treated in time and controlled. There are three common diseases of Chinese cabbage, namely virus disease, downy mildew, and soft rot. Generally, the incidence of soft rot is high, followed by downy mildew, and viral diseases are rare. Once the disease is found, chemical control measures should be taken in time. For soft rot, agricultural streptomycin should be used. The treatment is effective every 5-7 days. Generally, it needs to be controlled and 3 times. Downy mildew generally uses a variety of bactericides such as mirex, metalaxyl-manganese zinc, chlorothalonil and other fungicides, which can be used interchangeably with very good control effects. For virus diseases, the effectiveness of the control agents is not good, and the virus can be sprayed in the early stages. The main control measures should be in the selection of varieties, disinfection of seeds, cultivation of strong seedlings, reasonable fertilization, and strengthening of field management.

V. Conclusion

Cabbage, as an important part in the cultivation of agricultural vegetables in Guizhou Province, is an important means for the construction and development of a new countryside in Guizhou. Strengthening the research and application of Chinese cabbage planting technology can make the local agricultural development more professional. Applying the more technical Chinese cabbage planting technology to the agricultural production of Anshun City in Guizhou Province is an important means to open the local agricultural market and form a good The supply cycle of cabbage has promoted local rural construction and also promoted the development of China's overall economy.

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