Autumn facility strawberry management points
When the nighttime temperature drops to around 8 °C, the insulation will begin. From late October to early November, it will be suitable for greenhouse cultivation in greenhouses (the shed is suitable for the period). Premature insulation, high indoor temperature is not conducive to the differentiation of alfalfa flower buds; too late, plant dormancy, resulting in dwarfing of plants, adverse to normal results. The greenhouse film is preferably EVA film and multi-functional film. When the greenhouse temperature is lower than 5 °C at night, multi-layer cover insulation is implemented. After the greenhouse film is covered, the mulch film is generally covered after the top dressing in the seedling stage (mid-November). First, a micro-dropper or a hose is placed on the enamel surface to cover the mulch film. The mulch is preferably 0.03 to 0.05 mm black opaque polyethylene film. .
The shed indoor management mainly grasps the following 7 points:
Temperature and humidity management. In the initial stage of heat preservation, the daytime temperature is generally controlled at 28 °C to 30 °C; the nighttime temperature is controlled at 12 °C to 15 °C, and the minimum temperature is not lower than 8 °C; the indoor humidity is controlled at 85% to 90%. Flowering period, generally controlled at 22 °C ~ 25 °C during the day, the maximum can not exceed 28 °C, too high or too low temperature is not conducive to pollination and fertilization; night temperature is about 10 °C, the lowest can not be lower than 8 °C, night temperature exceeds 13C, bud flower buds degenerate, male and female stamen development blocked; indoor humidity is maintained at 50% to 60%, too much humidity will cause poor pollination, so even in the cold winter, during the day to use the high temperature at noon, expose The membrane is ventilated to reduce the humidity in the shed.
Fertilizer management. After the strawberry sheds in the greenhouse, it is in the flower bud development period, and then the buds, flowers and results are soon formed. After the top inflorescence is harvested, the inflorescences are inoculated and flowered, and the burden on the plants is heavy. If not fertilized in time, it is easy to express premature aging. Topdressing should be carried out at least 4 times, respectively, before flowering, fruit expansion, lateral inflorescence, and lateral inflorescence. The application of 45% NPK fertilizer per acre is 10-15 kg, and every 7-10 Spray 0.3% urea plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid fertilizer on Tianye surface.
The humidity in the shed is very large, which is easy to give the illusion that there is no shortage of water. Generally, the water is watered once before the heat preservation and before the mulch film. Afterwards, the top dressing is combined with the top dressing or the water is properly hydrated in the morning if the edge of the new leaves does not spit. Strawberries in greenhouses are especially suitable for drip irrigation. Special attention should be paid to keeping the soil moist during fruit development.
Spray gibberellin. After the cultivation is started, the first gibberellin treatment is carried out when two new leaves are released and the buds are 30%, so as to promote the elongation of the flower stalk, which is beneficial to pollination and fertilization. Each plant is sprayed on the seedlings with 3 to 5 ml/kg or 5 to 8 mg/kg gibberellin. After 7 days, the inflorescence elongation was treated once more.
Plant finishing. During the growing period, each strawberry leaves should be kept 8 to 10 pieces. Generally, in addition to the main buds, 1 to 2 side buds are retained, and too many lateral buds should be removed early. Diseased leaves, old leaves and stolons should be stripped in time to ensure that the nutrients are concentrated in the supply of fruit. During the young fruit period, appropriate fruit thinning is carried out, and the young fruit above the fourth inflorescence of each inflorescence is removed, mainly for fruit, small fruit and deformed fruit. In the end, the first inflorescence leaves 12 to 15 fruits, and the second inflorescence leaves 8 to 10 fruits, and each plant retains 20 to 25 fruits.
Strengthen pest and disease prevention and control. In this period, the temperature in the shed is high and the humidity is high. Powdery mildew, gray mold, anthracnose, etc. are prone to occur, and prevention and control should be strengthened. It can be fumigated with sulfur yellow fumigant (50g sulfur in 180 square meters) every night, or with 4 pieces of 180 square meters with "one smoked spirit" smoker; or 800g with 100% for 800g Double liquid spray control. The main pests are aphids, mites, etc., can be trapped by yellow attractant rubber sheets; or sprayed with 10% Avi? 1500 times solution, 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution; underground pests with 48% lesben 800 times Liquid control.
Put a bee pollination. In the late November, the flowering period is entered, and a box of bees is released in each standard shed (30 meters and 6 meters) to increase the pollination rate of strawberry flowers and reduce the production of deformed fruit. A common method of artificial pollination is to gently smear in the open flower center with a soft brush, or use a fine ranunculus to smear on the inflorescence at the flowering stage.
Apply carbon dioxide fertilizer. Conditional carbon dioxide fertilization can be applied to the strawberry plants in mid-November with carbon dioxide granules. Applying 50 kg per acre can obviously enhance the resistance of plants and increase the yield.
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