Autumn and winter wheat sowing new technology and efficiency and efficiency
“This is the time for the sowing of autumn and winter wheat. In the plains and paddy areas of the province, rice and alfalfa planting has encountered various problems. Since last year, I have used rice-wheat wheat to eradicate the tillage and no-till seeding technology, not only sowing depth, and wheat seedlings. Early emergence, in the growing period, the effective ear of wheat is as high as 90%, which reduces manpower investment and reduces the cost of planting.†Recently, in the modern agricultural demonstration base at Yuewan Village, Jinyu Town, Guanghan City, Sichuan Aijia Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. Wu Chun, the head of the company, shared his planting experience with 200 experts and large agricultural experts present.
On the morning of the same day, it was sponsored by Sichuan Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and National Wheat Industry Technology R&D Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Crop Research Institute and Guanghan City Agricultural Bureau. The training meeting was held in Jinyu Town, Guanghan City. Experts from the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Grain, and experts from Chengdu, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Meishan, and other places, more than 150 large-scale grain experts and agricultural experts attended the meeting.
Solve the sowing problem
“Potato-wheat wheat is an important component of wheat production in China, and it is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River basin. Rice-wheat wheat has many advantages, but it also encounters many difficulties: long-term crop rotation, heavy soil texture, heavy rainfall in autumn, and soil preparation stage. The soil is too wet; the yield of the former crop is increasing and the amount of rice straw is too high. Therefore, it is more difficult to increase the quality of autumn and winter wheat by superimposing various reasons,†said Tang Yonglu, a wheat specialist at the Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
In recent years, in order to solve the problems of anti-stick and anti-moisture sowing of rice and glutinous wheat, the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences has conducted in-depth research, improvement and ripening, from changing the cultivation methods, optimizing the straw returning model, improving the seeding equipment, etc. Efforts have been made to break through the single technology and form a complete set of rice stubble wheat stubble-free tillage seeding technology, which completely solved the problem of seeding quality. “This technology is mainly to solve the problem of reversible sowing of rice, loquat and wheat. Through years of research, improvement, and ripening, it has been practically tested in production and has a high degree of maturity. This is the latest modern and practical farming technology. The introduction of Yang Wuyun, vice president of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
"From the user's point of view, this technology will simplify the original 4 - 5 working procedures to 2 - 3 times, greatly improving the sowing efficiency, saving labor, fuel-saving, and saving the cost. No-tillage operation is avoided. The damage to the soil structure is conducive to drainage, waterlogging, and disaster reduction. Compared with the ploughing technology model, the planting efficiency is increased by more than 50%, the emergence efficiency is increased by 20%, and production is increased by 10%-15%, said Wu Chun.
Master the technical points
"Overall, the technology includes four aspects of technical aspects such as cultivation, returning straw, and improving planting equipment." Tang Yonglu said that in the cultivation, wet fields should be avoided, rotary tillage should be adopted, and the soil structure of the cultivated layer should be destroyed, and no-tillage should be adopted. The key to achieving moisture infiltration and achieving drainage and dehumidification is to achieve the connection between the field system and the field canal system. A large amount of straw can be removed to establish a comprehensive utilization system of straw. Seeder should expand the row spacing, improve the permeability, and in the case of wet fields, large amounts of straw, as little as possible to move soil, reduce power demand, solve the problems of blade wrapped grass, sowing too deep.
Specifically, there are the following four technical points:
First, rice is harvested and kept high. In the late stage of rice growth, the field is drained in a timely manner to prevent the harvester from crushing the soil. When harvesting, leave a height of 30 cm -50 cm.
Second, the straw smashed back to the field. After the rice is harvested, open the side ditch and the gutter in time to drain the water as much as possible.
Third, sowing with ZF2BM-6, ZF2BM-8 or ZF2BM-10 rotary seeders. Adjust the machine before sowing, adjust the sowing rate according to the seed size, and control it within the range of 9kg-10kg/mu. Fertilizers were selected to have a suitable ratio of nutrient to fertilizer, so that the amount of base fertilizer accounted for 50%-60% of the whole growth period.
Fourth, chemical weeding at the seedling stage. After stubble crops are covered with straw, they are not chemically weeded before sowing. The weed seeds germinate in succession with the emergence of wheat and should be chemically weeded during the seedling stage in the 3-leaf to 4-leaf wheat period. Http://
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