Appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer for Chinese cabbage
Cabbage fertilization must achieve the dual goals of both high yield and high quality. The nutrient characteristics of Chinese cabbage on the ratio of NPK demand is 1:0.5:1.2, indicating that its demand for potassium is also greater than the demand for nitrogen. In the actual production, only the application of nitrogen fertilizer is generally paid attention, and the balance of potassium fertilizer is often overlooked. In view of the fertilization status of Chinese cabbage last year, it is clear that this year's fertilization has several points of attention: The first issue is that the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be appropriate. How much nitrogen is appropriate? Practice has proved that the production of 1000 kilograms of fresh vegetables needs to absorb about 2.0 kilograms of pure nitrogen from the soil. The production of 10,000 kilograms of fresh vegetables requires a total of 22 to 25 kilograms of nitrogen. The nitrogen needed for Chinese cabbage can come from soil, organic fertilizer and fertilizer respectively. . In the application of large amounts of organic fertilizer under the conditions should be appropriate to reduce the amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer. Appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can contribute to the growth of Chinese cabbage and is beneficial to photosynthesis, which is the key to achieve high yield of Chinese cabbage. In some remote areas, there may be insufficient supply of nitrogen fertilizer, thin and light leaves, and tough tissues, which will affect not only the yield but also the quality. However, at present, the actual amount of nitrogen applied in production in most regions exceeds the demand. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer not only results in hypertrophy of the outer leaves of Chinese cabbage, poor package quality, low yield and quality, but also large leaf water content, and impatience of storage after harvest. Perishable, susceptible to pests and diseases in the late growth stage. Therefore, in addition to the appropriate amount, the use of nitrogen fertilizer is also important. During the entire growth period of Chinese cabbage, the amount of nitrogen absorption at different stages is different. The seedling period is very small, accounting for about 2% of the total. During the rosette period, nitrogen increased to about 28%, and the nitrogen uptake during the filling period was the highest, accounting for about 70% of the total. Therefore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in divided times, reflecting light weight and heavy weight. The Chinese cabbage has a long growing period. Fertilizer management should be applied to the base fertilizer. In the top-dressing application, Chinese cabbage must control water-control fertilizers (mainly nitrogen-controlling) from the seedling stage to the rehabilitative planting stage, except for the special circumstances where the Miao Fei should be applied. Usually in the rosette stage seedlings, a strong growth of the assimilation organs (outside leaves), and second, to promote root growth and lower bar, for the rapid growth of the late and a large number of absorption of nutrients and water lay the foundation. The first time dressing is at the critical moment of the rosette period. It is advisable to apply topdressing nitrogen and potassium fertilizers at the same time, and at the same time, water and fertilizers enter the heart-filling period. The second topdressing of Chinese cabbage is in the early and middle period of Baoxin, and the main nitrogen fertilizer is topdressed up to two times to control the amount of nitrogen. In the later period of time, nitrogen fertilizer was stopped.
Second, increase the application rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The increase of potassium fertilizer in basal fertilizer and top dressing is beneficial to the cabbage's core and disease resistance. Pay attention to the application of potash fertilizer in the top-dressing of the pre-brain. If the supply of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient during the period of the cabbage package, it will be difficult for the cabbage. At present, potassium fertilizer is often neglected in vegetable production. The appropriate amount of potassium is generally 12 kg per mu of potassium chloride or 16 kg of potassium sulfide. The best method of application is to divide the basal and topdressing fertilizers in two applications. The basal fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the burrows at the time of colonization. The topdressing is performed after the seedlings are terminated in the rosette stage and combined with nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation.
Third, we must pay attention to the supply of calcium fertilizer. The use of calcium superphosphate in the basal diet supplements the calcium nutrition, which is beneficial to the prevention of the occurrence of Chinese cabbage "dry heart-burning" disease. Chinese cabbage is a hi calcium crop, and calcium deficiency, especially excess nitrogen, can easily cause dry heart disease. Controlling nitrogen fertilizer and supplementing calcium nutrition are important techniques for preventing Chinese cabbage "dry heart" disease. The method of calcium supplementation may be in addition to the application of calcium-containing fertilizers in soil, and may also be supplemented by foliar methods, spraying 0.1% to 0.3% of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate, or spraying sugar calcium and calcium amino acids. In the rosette period began to spray 2 or 3 times.
Second, increase the application rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The increase of potassium fertilizer in basal fertilizer and top dressing is beneficial to the cabbage's core and disease resistance. Pay attention to the application of potash fertilizer in the top-dressing of the pre-brain. If the supply of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient during the period of the cabbage package, it will be difficult for the cabbage. At present, potassium fertilizer is often neglected in vegetable production. The appropriate amount of potassium is generally 12 kg per mu of potassium chloride or 16 kg of potassium sulfide. The best method of application is to divide the basal and topdressing fertilizers in two applications. The basal fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the burrows at the time of colonization. The topdressing is performed after the seedlings are terminated in the rosette stage and combined with nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation.
Third, we must pay attention to the supply of calcium fertilizer. The use of calcium superphosphate in the basal diet supplements the calcium nutrition, which is beneficial to the prevention of the occurrence of Chinese cabbage "dry heart-burning" disease. Chinese cabbage is a hi calcium crop, and calcium deficiency, especially excess nitrogen, can easily cause dry heart disease. Controlling nitrogen fertilizer and supplementing calcium nutrition are important techniques for preventing Chinese cabbage "dry heart" disease. The method of calcium supplementation may be in addition to the application of calcium-containing fertilizers in soil, and may also be supplemented by foliar methods, spraying 0.1% to 0.3% of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate, or spraying sugar calcium and calcium amino acids. In the rosette period began to spray 2 or 3 times.
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