Apple tree management method in early May
Editor's Note: In early May, apple trees in northern China generally entered the management of young fruit. The main work of this period was summer pruning; the elimination of competition branches and back branches; the pulling of branches and lychees, and the need for the majority of fruit farmers to grasp the seasons, pay attention to methods, and do a good job in orchard management.
First, the fruit
Spray growth regulators to repair damaged tissue and restore tree function as soon as possible. Maximize the preserved young fruit and late young fruit, as well as the buds and buds.
Second, pull the branch to open the angle, slow down the flower
Prevent the empty tree, the load is too small, the tree is mad, except for the fruit tree with small branching angle to continue the strong opening angle, but also comprehensively use the thinning, bud, pull, loop, twist, and press , topping and picking the heart to remove leaves, lychee, turn branches, remove unwanted branches and other summer shear measures to reduce the inefficient consumption of nutrients. According to the planting density and the selected tree shape, the main branches and auxiliary branches growing on the center are pulled to a horizontal state or a sagging state. Especially for the thick and erect big branches, we must pull some, pull to the drooping state, first move the base, make the base soft, then twist and pull to the sagging state, if necessary, you can use the base to scratch the base, avoid pulling Bow type.
Pulling branches must determine the strength of the branches according to the growth potential of the branches. The erect large branches with strong growth potential must be pulled into a drooping state. The middle branches are horizontally inclined, and the weak branches grow upright, forming a size, a height, a length and a short growth, achieving the purpose of suppressing the weak and balancing the tree. Do not pull horizontal fans on the same level.
Third, for the new branch of the year, use the following methods to control the length and promote the flower
1. Wiping and thinning. The bud is a timely eradication of the dense and useless branches that sprout at the roots and necks of the fruit trees to reduce nutrient consumption. The object of thinning treatment is too thick lateral branches (main branches), diseased branches, overly dense branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, and branches, weak branches, competitive branches, useless long branches, useless sprouts, auxiliary branches, Temporary main branches, main branches that are too low in position, pinned branches that complete missions, groups of branches that seriously affect lighting, and some branches that need to be updated. In addition, some of the larger branches that affect uniaxial extension in the tree shape also need to be removed.
During the growth period, the branching has a quick healing of the wound, and the effect of lightening the tree weakening can only be implemented on the strong tree, and it should not be excessive.
2, twisted. When the new shoot grows to a degree of semi-lignification (about 15-20 cm), it is twisted 180 from the semi-lignified portion below the base of 5 cm, with its head facing downward.
3, pressing. When the new shoot grows to 15-20 cm, the branch that grows upright is pressed down from the base with a thumb, and it is in a semi-joined state. In order to prevent it from being blown off by the wind, the finger is placed on the base of the branch at the base of the branch to improve The branching position prevents breakage.
4, topping. Topping refers to a management method in which the new tip is removed. Generally, the heart is continuously topped for 3 to 4 times, which can control the length of the branch, cultivate the branch group, and promote the flower formation. It is also possible to pick up the secondary branches when the extension length is 50 to 60 cm in June, which is advantageous for increasing the degree of the branches and expanding the crown.
5, lychee. When the new shoot grows to 40-60cm, the thumb is on the upper part, and the other four fingers hold the new shoot in the lower part, and move slightly outward from the base of the new shoot, so that the xylem of the branch is not injured, that is, "the wound does not hurt the meat" To achieve the purpose of controlling the flower.
6, turning branches. Transplanting injury is to rotate a certain part of the annual or perennial branches to a certain angle, to change the orientation of the branches, to change the direction of the shoots, and to artificially injure. The function is to block the normal transmission of nutrients, increase accumulation, and slow down. The potential is to adjust the light. Generally applicable to virtual Wangzhi.
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