High-yield cultivation techniques of Chinese cabbage
First, sowing
Sowing at the right time. The sowing date of Chinese cabbage is strict. Early sowing, seedlings growing at high temperatures are vulnerable to viruses; late sowing, insufficient growth days, insufficient cabbage, affecting yield and quality. Mid-late maturing varieties are sown around July 20, no later than 25 days; early-maturing varieties are sown around July 24, no later than 28 days. Before sowing, seed dressing with 0.3% by weight of metalaxyl. The strip is used, and the seed is about 250 grams. Ditch the ridge, about 2 cm deep, spread the seeds evenly, and then cover the soil about 1 cm, immediately watering.
Second, field management
1. Miao Miao, Ding Miao, and Miao Miao
The seedlings were carried out twice. The first time was carried out when the seedlings pulled a small cross (two true leaves), the plant spacing was 3 - 5 cm; the second time was 4 - 5 true leaves, and the plant spacing was 8 - 10 cm. When staying between seedlings, pay attention to staying strong seedlings, eliminate sick, weak, mixed seedlings, and need to cultivate 3 times in 1 month after sowing. The first and second cultivating are carried out in the first and second time respectively, and the third cultivating is carried out after the seedlings are fixed. Each time the cultivator combines the weeds, it is done in the deep ditch. Shallow back, avoid root injury. When the cabbage grows to 10 leaves. Seedlings are fixed according to the plant spacing. 2400 varieties of late-maturing varieties of mubao seedlings (plant spacing: 6540 cm); 2500-2600 plants (6040 cm) of medium-maturing varieties, and 3000 plants (5535 cm) of early-maturing varieties. After the seedlings are put into the seedling stage, the seedling time should be flexibly controlled according to the weather, soil quality and vegetable seedling growth. When the outer leaves of the cabbage turn into thick green, the leaves stand up sooner or later, and the seedlings end when there is wilting at noon. Generally, sandy loam soil is 7-10 days, and clay loam is 10-15 days.
2, topdressing and watering. Quick-acting fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers and human excrement. After the second seedling (true leaves 4-5 pieces), the seedlings were harvested, and the ditch was 8 to 10 cm away from the vegetable seedlings, and the urea was applied at 7 kg/mu; the seedlings were finished with the rosette, combined with the soil application or Apply 30 kg/mu of urea to the hole. It is required to fertilize first, then fertilize the soil, and then water it. When entering the core period, the cabbage has been closed. With the water per mu, the application of large manure is 500 kg or 5 kg of urea. In order to increase the yield and disease resistance, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% zinc sulfate solution can be sprayed once in the rosette and the core period.
Watering is a key measure to determine whether Chinese cabbage can be produced. Watering the cabbage after sowing requires small water to be soaked, so as to soak the seeding position, and prevent the flooding of the water. 2 to 3 days after the head water is poured into the 2nd water, 4 - 5 leaves combined with the topdressing seedlings and 1 time water, and then 2 - 3 water can be poured according to the weather conditions. In the seedling stage, water is generally not watered, so that the roots are deep and the roots are developed. At the end of the seedlings, the water should be poured twice with the top dressing to prevent the sun from cracking and the cabbage to break. Cabbage is the fastest growing time to keep the ground moist. Depending on the weather and the wet and dry conditions of the soil, the water is poured about 7 days, and the watering is stopped 15 days before the harvest.
Third, pest control
The main pests of Chinese cabbage are aphids, cabbage caterpillars, beetles, spider mites and the like. The weeds around Bailaidi were sprayed with 1500 times of dichlorvos or 2,500 times of pyrethroid pesticides before sowing to kill aphids and leafhoppers. Cabbage seedlings can be sprayed with pyrethroid pesticides 40-80 ml/mu and dichlorvos 1200 times to control mites, jumpers, and tigers. The control of cabbage caterpillar was sprayed with a spray of 130 g/mu of Bacillus thuringiensis emulsion, and sprayed once more every 7 days. In the middle and late September, the locusts occurred in a large period, and they were sprayed twice with 2,500-3000 times of phlegm-foaming wettable powder.
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