Techniques for growing cabbage in summer
Summer cultivation means that the sowing date of Chinese cabbage is before the beginning of autumn, and the germination period and the seedling period are in hot summer. At this time, the weather is changeable, or high temperature and drought, or continuous rain and rain, causing adverse effects on the growth and development of Chinese cabbage, such as plant growth and weakness, poor resistance, easy to infect a variety of diseases, severe reduction or even lead to no harvest. Summer is still the peak period of aphid activity, which harms the formation of Chinese cabbage wounds and is the main channel for virus infection. Practice has proved that the following key technical measures must be taken in order to obtain high yield, high quality and high profitability of Chinese cabbage.
First, according to local conditions, choose the summer varieties of Chinese cabbage resistant varieties, must be resistant to disease, heat, high yield, early maturing varieties, such as Lu Bai 6, Xia Feng, small hybrid 55, small hybrid 56, Lu White 8, Feng Kang 70 and so on.
Second, the sorghum deep groove, Shizu base fat leaves large area of ​​Chinese cabbage, the demand for water, but the weak resistance. Summer cultivation generally has large amount of rainwater, and sometimes high temperature and drought. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt deep ditch sorghum, so that squat can be discharged and dry can be irrigated. In order to avoid sluice area water, short pod cultivation is also required, and the pod length is generally not more than 15m. In summer, the growth period of cultivation is short and the yield is high. Mu Shi cooked heap fertilizer 5000kg or so. The ratio of N, P, and K is about 2:2:3. Nitrogen fertilizers must not be applied. Otherwise, they will cause leggy, reduce disease resistance, and cause serious diseases, resulting in reduced production and income. The organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer must be fully decomposed and applied properly.
Third, timely early broadcast, scaffolding shady summer sowing time in the Huaibei region is generally from July 15 to August 1. Usually drill or hole broadcast. The seeding amount is 150~200g per 667m2, and the hole sowing is 667m2125~150g. In order to timely sow ahead, cool and moisturize, reduce the harm of virus disease, shade seedlings can be used, that is, using a straw or shade net to build a 60cm high semi-shade shelter to reduce the sun exposure. The age of seedlings generally does not exceed 20 days, and three or four true leaves are planted. When raising the seedlings, bring as many soils as possible, and less damage the roots. Colonization should be carried out in the afternoon or on a cloudy day to facilitate living trees. One week after the live tree, it is necessary to check the lack of seedlings in a timely manner, check and supplement, and strive for Qimiao and strong seedlings.
Fourth, strengthen field management, and do a good job in preventing and curing disease. During this period, the management of seedlings was first carried out, namely, seedlings, seedlings, seedlings, and seedlings; the second was soil management, ie, watering, loose soil, and weeding; the third was prevention and control of disasters, that is, spraying pesticides to control pests and diseases. If the weather is dry and rainless, pour a small amount of water every two or three days to prevent the ground temperature from burning the seedlings. If the weather is rainy, collect the water and remove it in time to prevent the seedlings from being stained and weak. The period of formation of the second and third leaves of the seedlings is the rosette period. This period is mainly to strengthen fertilizer and water management, which can ensure adequate fertility, so that rosette leaves large and hypertrophy, thick green and shiny, but also appropriate water control seedlings to prevent outer leaves of leggy. The management measures during the ball stage are heavy fertilization and pouring enough water. Do not flood with water to prevent the occurrence of soft rot and downy mildew. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be applied together. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizers. In general, the Mushi manure excrement 3000 ~ 5000kg, rapeseed cake 100kg, NPK combined fertilizer 25kg. If possible, increase the amount of plant ash. Aphids are the main source of infestation of the virus. High temperature and drought are conducive to the breeding activities of aphids and have a large amount of occurrence. After the emergence of Chinese cabbage, every 5 to 7 days, use 40% dimethoate EC 1000 times and 20% cypermethrin 4000 times solution alternately.
V. Timely harvesting, high listing efficiency The basic formation of Chinese cabbage leaf ball can be harvested when it reaches eight maturity. At this time the market vegetable varieties monotonous, high vegetable prices, this cabbage can meet market needs, ease the off-season contradiction, but also get higher economic benefits.
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